Wednesday, 11 July 2012
ការសិក្សាកាន់តែខ្ពស់កាន់តែពិបាករកការងារធ្វើ!
និស្សិតខ្មែររៀនយកសញ្ញាប័ត្រអនុបណ្ឌិតនិងបណ្ឌិតកាន់តែច្រើនឡើង។
ការរៀនយកសញ្ញាប័ត្រកាន់តែខ្ពស់គឺជារឿងល្អប៉ុន្តែផ្ទុយទៅវិញ
ប្រការនេះក៏ជាការប្រឈមរបស់សង្គមនិងរបស់បុគ្គលអ្នករៀនខ្លួន
ឯងដែរ។
តើមូលហេតុអ្វីបានជាអ្នកសិក្សាចង់បន្តរៀនយកសញ្ញាប័ត្រជាន់
ខ្ពស់នេះ?
ក្រោយពីការដួលរំលំនៃរបបប៉ុលពតអាវខ្មៅនៅឆ្នាំ១៩៧៩
ចំនួនអ្នកចេះដឹងខ្មែរនៅសល់តិចតួចបំផុតដើម្បីកសាងប្រទេសជាតិ
ឡើងវិញ។ កាលនោះ
រដ្ឋាភិបាលសម័យរដ្ឋកម្ពុជាតែងតែប្រកាន់យកទ្រឹស្តីអ្នកចេះច្រើន
បង្រៀនអ្នកចេះតិច។
ទ្រឹស្តីមួយនេះបានចូលរួមលើកទឹកចិត្តប្រជាជនខ្មែរអោយខិតខំ សម្ភីសិក្សាកាន់តែខ្លាំងឡើង។ ៣០ឆ្នាំក្រោយមក និសិ្សតច្រើនម៉ឺននាក់បានចេញពីសាកលវិទ្យាល័យជារៀងរាល់ឆ្នាំ។
បច្ចុប្បន្ននេះ ប្រទេសកម្ពុជាមិនខ្វះទៀតឡើយចំនួននិសិ្សតទទួលបានសញ្ញាប័ត្រ បរិញ្ញាប័ត្រប៉ុន្តែប្រទេសក្រីក្រមួយនេះកំពុងប្រឈមនឹងកង្វះ ការងារសមរម្យសម្រាប់និសិ្សតទាំងនោះទៅវិញ។ បញ្ហាប៉ុស្តិ៍ការងារជារឿងឈឺក្បាលមួយ។ ប៉ុន្តែបញ្ហាមួយទៀតដែលអ្នកជំនាញមួយចំនួនកំពុងតែបារម្ភដែរនោះ គឺរឿងនិស្សិតមួយចំនួនធំបាននាំគ្នារៀនយកសញ្ញាប័ត្រកាន់តែខ្ពស់ ឡើងៗ។
បើផ្អែកលើការកត់សម្គាល់ជាក់ស្តែង និស្សិតកាន់តែច្រើនឡើងនាំគ្នារៀនយកសញ្ញាប័ត្រអនុបណ្ឌិតឬសញ្ញា ថ្នាក់បណ្ឌិត។ មិនមែនតែនិស្សិតទេដែលរៀនយកសញ្ញាប័ត្រពីរប្រភេទនេះប៉ុន្តែអ្នក កំពុងធ្វើការមួយចំនួនក៏ខិតខំប្រឹងរៀនបន្តយកសញ្ញាប័ត្រខ្ពស់ផុត លេខនេះដែរ។
តើមូលហេតុអ្វីបានជាមាននិន្នាការរៀនយកសញ្ញាប័ត្រជាន់ខ្ពស់នេះ? តើការសិក្សាកាន់តែខ្ពស់កាន់តែល្អឬរៀនកាន់តែខ្ពស់កាន់តែ លំបាក?
សម្រាប់សំណួរទីមួយនេះ គេមិនមានការលំបាកក្នុងការឆ្លើយទេពីព្រោះជាក្រឹត្យក្រម សត្យានុម័ត នៅពេលដែលមនុស្សមានឳកាសកាន់តែច្រើន មានជីវភាពកាន់តែធូរធារ ពួកគេចង់តោងចាប់យកការសិក្សាកាន់តែខ្ពស់។ ការសិក្សាកាន់តែខ្ពស់ធ្វើអោយមនុស្សមានការពិចារណាកាន់តែជ្រៅ។ ការពិចារណាកាន់ជ្រៅអាចជំរុញអោយមនុស្សមានលទ្ធភាពទទួលបានជ័យជំនះ ក្នុងជីវិតកាន់តែច្រើន។ នេះគឺជាហេតុផលទីមួយ។
សម្រាប់ហេតុផលទី២វិញត្រូវបានគេមើលឃើញថា វាទាក់ទងទៅនឹងកិត្តិយសច្រើនជាង មានន័យថា អ្នកខ្លះចង់រៀនបន្តយកសញ្ញាប័ត្រអនុបណ្ឌិតឬបណ្ឌិតគឺដោយសារតែ ពួកគេចង់អោយមនុស្សនៅជុំវិញខ្លួនឬសង្គមអោយតម្លៃទៅលើពួកគេ។ អ្នកខ្លះទៀត សុខចិត្តបន្តការសិក្សាយកសញ្ញាប័ត្រជាន់ខ្ពស់គឺដោយសារតែពួកគេ មានតួនាទីតំណែងខ្ពង់ខ្ពស់នៅក្នុងជួររដ្ឋាភិបាល។ នៅពេលដែលពួកគេមានតំណែងខ្ពស់ហើយ ដូច្នេះ ពួកគេត្រូវតែខិតខំប្រឹងប្រែងរៀនបន្តទៀតដើម្បីអោយសញ្ញាប័ត្រ ស័ក្តិសមនឹងតំណែងរបស់ពួកគេ។ មានតំណែងខ្ពស់ មានសញ្ញាប័ត្រខ្ពស់ ពួកគេអាចចៀសផុតពីការរិះគន់របស់មនុស្សនៅក្រោមបង្រ្គាប់។ រីឯចំណុចទី៣វិញ អ្នកសិក្សាដែលប្រាថ្នាចង់បានសញ្ញាប័ត្រជាន់ខ្ពស់ពីព្រោះពួកគេរំពឹង ថា រៀនកាន់តែខ្ពស់ទទួលបានប្រាក់ខែកាន់តែច្រើន។
ងាកមកឆ្លើយទៅនឹងសំណួរដែលសួរថា តើរៀនកាន់តែខ្ពស់កាន់តែល្អឬរៀនកាន់តែខ្ពស់កាន់តែលំបាកទៅវិញ នោះ? អ្នកជំនាញសង្គមនៅក្នុងប្រទេសកម្ពុជាមួយចំនួនអត្ថាធិប្បាយថា ជារួម រៀនតែកាន់ខ្ពស់គឺជាប្រការល្អសម្រាប់ជីវិតរបស់បុគ្គលខ្លួនឯង និងសម្រាប់សង្គមជាតិទាំងមូល។ ប៉ុន្តែ ពេលខ្លះ និស្សិតខ្លួនឯងប្រឈមនឹងការលំបាកក្នុងការរកការងារធ្វើទៅវិញទេ នៅពេលដែលខ្លួនរៀនកាន់តែខ្ពស់ពេកនោះពីព្រោះទីផ្សារមិនហ៊ានអោយ តម្លៃប្រាក់ខែខ្ពស់ទេ។ ម្យ៉ាងវិញទៀត ប៉ុស្តិ៍ការងារសម្រាប់អ្នកមានសញ្ញាប័ត្រខ្ពស់ក៏មានមិនច្រើនដែរ។
អ្នកវិភាគសង្គមដដែលបានបន្តទៀតថា ក្រៅពីបញ្ហាទីផ្សារការងារ គុណភាពសញ្ញាប័ត្រជាន់ខ្ពស់នៅកម្ពុជានៅចោទជាបញ្ហានៅឡើយ មានន័យថា បរិមាណសញ្ញាប័ត្រមានច្រើនមែនប៉ុន្តែគុណភាពមនុស្សដែលទទួលបាន សញ្ញាប័ត្រជាន់ខ្ពស់នៅមានកម្រិតទាបបើប្រៀបធៀបទៅការអប់រំជាមួយ ប្រទេសនៅក្នុងតំបន់។ គុណភាពទាបនេះនឹងធ្វើអោយកម្លាំងពលកម្មខ្មែរមិនអាចប្រកួតប្រជែង ជាមួយកម្លាំងពលកម្មនៃបណ្តាប្រទេសនៅតំបន់អាស៊ាន៕
ទ្រឹស្តីមួយនេះបានចូលរួមលើកទឹកចិត្តប្រជាជនខ្មែរអោយខិតខំ សម្ភីសិក្សាកាន់តែខ្លាំងឡើង។ ៣០ឆ្នាំក្រោយមក និសិ្សតច្រើនម៉ឺននាក់បានចេញពីសាកលវិទ្យាល័យជារៀងរាល់ឆ្នាំ។
បច្ចុប្បន្ននេះ ប្រទេសកម្ពុជាមិនខ្វះទៀតឡើយចំនួននិសិ្សតទទួលបានសញ្ញាប័ត្រ បរិញ្ញាប័ត្រប៉ុន្តែប្រទេសក្រីក្រមួយនេះកំពុងប្រឈមនឹងកង្វះ ការងារសមរម្យសម្រាប់និសិ្សតទាំងនោះទៅវិញ។ បញ្ហាប៉ុស្តិ៍ការងារជារឿងឈឺក្បាលមួយ។ ប៉ុន្តែបញ្ហាមួយទៀតដែលអ្នកជំនាញមួយចំនួនកំពុងតែបារម្ភដែរនោះ គឺរឿងនិស្សិតមួយចំនួនធំបាននាំគ្នារៀនយកសញ្ញាប័ត្រកាន់តែខ្ពស់ ឡើងៗ។
បើផ្អែកលើការកត់សម្គាល់ជាក់ស្តែង និស្សិតកាន់តែច្រើនឡើងនាំគ្នារៀនយកសញ្ញាប័ត្រអនុបណ្ឌិតឬសញ្ញា ថ្នាក់បណ្ឌិត។ មិនមែនតែនិស្សិតទេដែលរៀនយកសញ្ញាប័ត្រពីរប្រភេទនេះប៉ុន្តែអ្នក កំពុងធ្វើការមួយចំនួនក៏ខិតខំប្រឹងរៀនបន្តយកសញ្ញាប័ត្រខ្ពស់ផុត លេខនេះដែរ។
តើមូលហេតុអ្វីបានជាមាននិន្នាការរៀនយកសញ្ញាប័ត្រជាន់ខ្ពស់នេះ? តើការសិក្សាកាន់តែខ្ពស់កាន់តែល្អឬរៀនកាន់តែខ្ពស់កាន់តែ លំបាក?
សម្រាប់សំណួរទីមួយនេះ គេមិនមានការលំបាកក្នុងការឆ្លើយទេពីព្រោះជាក្រឹត្យក្រម សត្យានុម័ត នៅពេលដែលមនុស្សមានឳកាសកាន់តែច្រើន មានជីវភាពកាន់តែធូរធារ ពួកគេចង់តោងចាប់យកការសិក្សាកាន់តែខ្ពស់។ ការសិក្សាកាន់តែខ្ពស់ធ្វើអោយមនុស្សមានការពិចារណាកាន់តែជ្រៅ។ ការពិចារណាកាន់ជ្រៅអាចជំរុញអោយមនុស្សមានលទ្ធភាពទទួលបានជ័យជំនះ ក្នុងជីវិតកាន់តែច្រើន។ នេះគឺជាហេតុផលទីមួយ។
សម្រាប់ហេតុផលទី២វិញត្រូវបានគេមើលឃើញថា វាទាក់ទងទៅនឹងកិត្តិយសច្រើនជាង មានន័យថា អ្នកខ្លះចង់រៀនបន្តយកសញ្ញាប័ត្រអនុបណ្ឌិតឬបណ្ឌិតគឺដោយសារតែ ពួកគេចង់អោយមនុស្សនៅជុំវិញខ្លួនឬសង្គមអោយតម្លៃទៅលើពួកគេ។ អ្នកខ្លះទៀត សុខចិត្តបន្តការសិក្សាយកសញ្ញាប័ត្រជាន់ខ្ពស់គឺដោយសារតែពួកគេ មានតួនាទីតំណែងខ្ពង់ខ្ពស់នៅក្នុងជួររដ្ឋាភិបាល។ នៅពេលដែលពួកគេមានតំណែងខ្ពស់ហើយ ដូច្នេះ ពួកគេត្រូវតែខិតខំប្រឹងប្រែងរៀនបន្តទៀតដើម្បីអោយសញ្ញាប័ត្រ ស័ក្តិសមនឹងតំណែងរបស់ពួកគេ។ មានតំណែងខ្ពស់ មានសញ្ញាប័ត្រខ្ពស់ ពួកគេអាចចៀសផុតពីការរិះគន់របស់មនុស្សនៅក្រោមបង្រ្គាប់។ រីឯចំណុចទី៣វិញ អ្នកសិក្សាដែលប្រាថ្នាចង់បានសញ្ញាប័ត្រជាន់ខ្ពស់ពីព្រោះពួកគេរំពឹង ថា រៀនកាន់តែខ្ពស់ទទួលបានប្រាក់ខែកាន់តែច្រើន។
ងាកមកឆ្លើយទៅនឹងសំណួរដែលសួរថា តើរៀនកាន់តែខ្ពស់កាន់តែល្អឬរៀនកាន់តែខ្ពស់កាន់តែលំបាកទៅវិញ នោះ? អ្នកជំនាញសង្គមនៅក្នុងប្រទេសកម្ពុជាមួយចំនួនអត្ថាធិប្បាយថា ជារួម រៀនតែកាន់ខ្ពស់គឺជាប្រការល្អសម្រាប់ជីវិតរបស់បុគ្គលខ្លួនឯង និងសម្រាប់សង្គមជាតិទាំងមូល។ ប៉ុន្តែ ពេលខ្លះ និស្សិតខ្លួនឯងប្រឈមនឹងការលំបាកក្នុងការរកការងារធ្វើទៅវិញទេ នៅពេលដែលខ្លួនរៀនកាន់តែខ្ពស់ពេកនោះពីព្រោះទីផ្សារមិនហ៊ានអោយ តម្លៃប្រាក់ខែខ្ពស់ទេ។ ម្យ៉ាងវិញទៀត ប៉ុស្តិ៍ការងារសម្រាប់អ្នកមានសញ្ញាប័ត្រខ្ពស់ក៏មានមិនច្រើនដែរ។
អ្នកវិភាគសង្គមដដែលបានបន្តទៀតថា ក្រៅពីបញ្ហាទីផ្សារការងារ គុណភាពសញ្ញាប័ត្រជាន់ខ្ពស់នៅកម្ពុជានៅចោទជាបញ្ហានៅឡើយ មានន័យថា បរិមាណសញ្ញាប័ត្រមានច្រើនមែនប៉ុន្តែគុណភាពមនុស្សដែលទទួលបាន សញ្ញាប័ត្រជាន់ខ្ពស់នៅមានកម្រិតទាបបើប្រៀបធៀបទៅការអប់រំជាមួយ ប្រទេសនៅក្នុងតំបន់។ គុណភាពទាបនេះនឹងធ្វើអោយកម្លាំងពលកម្មខ្មែរមិនអាចប្រកួតប្រជែង ជាមួយកម្លាំងពលកម្មនៃបណ្តាប្រទេសនៅតំបន់អាស៊ាន៕
Tuesday, 10 July 2012
PM insists worries about dam overblown
- Tuesday, 10 July 2012
- David Boyle
- In February, Son Chhay wrote to the premier urging him to investigate
illegal logging outside the legal clearing area slated for the Stung
Tatai dam reservoir in Koh Kong province and the environmental
destruction that would be wrought by the Stung Cheay Areng dam.
The 109-megawatt dam project in the Cheay Areng Valley is to be built by the Chinese state-owned firm Guodian Corporation at a cost of US$327 million.
In a reply dated June 11, the premier signalled the dam, which would flood thousands of hectares of protected forest in the Central and Southern Cardamoms, will go ahead despite the protestations from Son Chhay and conservationists.
Hun Sen wrote that “all kinds of experts” had visited the scene during a five-year social and environmental impact assessment completed in 2008 and determined ecological damage could be mitigated.
“But the government has noticed since the government began developing hydropower at Kamchay, Kirirom, Atai, Tatai, Lower Russey Chrum, Lower Sesan II and including Stung Cheay Areng, the opposition party never supports those projects,” Hun Sen wrote.
The premier wrote that 263 families that stood to lose their land would be compensated fairly in line with current market values.
Conservation groups have put the number of people set to be displaced at about 1,500 families and raised alarms that the project, which had been deemed unfeasible by a previous developer, will devastate one of Cambodia’s richest ecological sites for little gain.
Questions have also been raised as to why a subsequent SEIA approved in 2011, after the project changed hands, has not been made publicly available.
Son Chhay said yesterday the response indicated the prime minister had not made any independent investigation into concerns about the dam but simply taken the company’s word at face value.
Migrants to Korea jump
Tuesday, 10 July 2012
More Cambodian migrant workers headed to South Korea in the first half of this year than in all of 2011, data from the Ministry of Labour shows.
A suspension on Vietnamese migration, coupled with an improving Korean economy, primarily accounted for the jump, officials say.
More than 6,300 Cambodians migrated to the East Asian nation between January and June, against 4,957 for all of 2011.
“This year, we notice the agriculture sector has absorbed [Cambodians] very well,” Heng Sour, chief of overseas manpower at the Ministry of Labour and Vocational Training, said. “If there wasn’t an increase in the [agriculture] sector, the number of our workers would have been the same as during the last period. The ban on Vietnamese also helped the increase.”
Cambodians were eager to work abroad for potentially higher salaries, Ya Navuth, executive director at Coordination of Action Research on Aids and Mobility (CARAM), said yesterday.
Working conditions in South Korea had gained recognition for being better than some of the destinations Cambodian migrants flocked to, such as Malaysia, he said.
“If there are enough jobs, people will go abroad to work – no question about it. Although there are more domestic jobs, many people don’t know about them. Low salaries here are also pushing them abroad to work," he said. “I never get complaints from Cambodians who go to work in Korea, compared with those who work in Thailand and Malaysia.”
Reports of abuse, death and the use of under-age Cambodians in Malaysia have rocked that country’s reputation as a place for migrants to safely earn higher wages.
Cambodia first sent workers to South Korea in 2002 and signed a memorandum of understanding on migrant exchange in 2007.
Cambodian migrants go to Korea under government-to-government deals. Unlike Malaysia, South Korea does not allow private companies to recruit labour.
There could soon be a slow-down in the number of Cambodia’s heading north, Heng Sour said.
The ban on Vietnamese workers was recently lifted and would cut into the Kingdom’s labour exports, he said.
More Cambodian migrant workers headed to South Korea in the first half of this year than in all of 2011, data from the Ministry of Labour shows.
A suspension on Vietnamese migration, coupled with an improving Korean economy, primarily accounted for the jump, officials say.
More than 6,300 Cambodians migrated to the East Asian nation between January and June, against 4,957 for all of 2011.
“This year, we notice the agriculture sector has absorbed [Cambodians] very well,” Heng Sour, chief of overseas manpower at the Ministry of Labour and Vocational Training, said. “If there wasn’t an increase in the [agriculture] sector, the number of our workers would have been the same as during the last period. The ban on Vietnamese also helped the increase.”
Cambodians were eager to work abroad for potentially higher salaries, Ya Navuth, executive director at Coordination of Action Research on Aids and Mobility (CARAM), said yesterday.
Working conditions in South Korea had gained recognition for being better than some of the destinations Cambodian migrants flocked to, such as Malaysia, he said.
“If there are enough jobs, people will go abroad to work – no question about it. Although there are more domestic jobs, many people don’t know about them. Low salaries here are also pushing them abroad to work," he said. “I never get complaints from Cambodians who go to work in Korea, compared with those who work in Thailand and Malaysia.”
Reports of abuse, death and the use of under-age Cambodians in Malaysia have rocked that country’s reputation as a place for migrants to safely earn higher wages.
Cambodia first sent workers to South Korea in 2002 and signed a memorandum of understanding on migrant exchange in 2007.
Cambodian migrants go to Korea under government-to-government deals. Unlike Malaysia, South Korea does not allow private companies to recruit labour.
There could soon be a slow-down in the number of Cambodia’s heading north, Heng Sour said.
The ban on Vietnamese workers was recently lifted and would cut into the Kingdom’s labour exports, he said.
បញ្ហាសមុទ្រចិនខាងត្បូងជាបញ្ហារបស់ភាគី១១
- 10 July 2012
- Bridget Di Certo និង Shane Worrell
- ភ្នំពេញៈ រដ្ឋសមាជិកអាស៊ាននឹងកើនពី១០ ទៅ១១
នៅលើគ្រប់បញ្ហាទាក់ទងនឹងជម្លោះសមុទ្រចិនខាងត្បូង
ដែលកំពុងបន្តអូសបន្លាយ។
នេះបើយោងតាមក្រុមមន្ត្រីក្រសួងការបរទេសដែលបានថ្លែងកាលពីថ្ងៃ
ចន្ទម្សិលមិញ។
លោក កៅ គឹមហួន រដ្ឋលេខាធិការក្រសួងការបរទេសកម្ពុជាបានថ្លែងថា រដ្ឋមន្ត្រីក្រសួងការបរទេសមកពីរដ្ឋសមាជិកទាំង១០ ក្នុងអាស៊ាន កាលពីរសៀលថ្ងៃម្សិលមិញបានអនុម័តទទួលយកចំណុចសំខាន់ៗ នៃសេចក្តីព្រាងនៃក្រមសម្រាប់បញ្ហាសមុទ្រចិនខាងត្បូង។
យ៉ាង ណាក្តី ក្រៅតែពីជំរុញសេចក្តីព្រាងនេះឲ្យទទួលបានការអនុម័តយកដោយ ប្រជាជាតិអាស៊ីអាគ្នេយ៍ សេចក្តីព្រាងនេះប្រើសម្រាប់តែជាមូលដ្ឋានក្នុងកិច្ចពិភាក្សា ក្នុងចំណោមមន្ត្រីជាន់ខ្ពស់ដែលនឹងពិនិត្យមើលសម្រេចលើពាក្យពេចន៍ នៃក្រមនេះប៉ុណ្ណោះ ជាក្រុមដែលនឹងមានការចូលរួមពីមន្ត្រីជាន់ខ្ពស់ប្រទេសចិននៅ គ្រប់ដំណាក់កាល។
លោក កៅ គឹមហួន បានបញ្ជាក់ថា៖«ក្រៅជំនួបប្រជុំលើកដំបូង[កាលពីថ្ងៃអាទិត្យ]ពួក គេ(មន្ត្រីជាន់ខ្ពស់)បានឯកភាពគ្នាថា ដើម្បីធ្វើការលើក្រមនៃការប្រព្រឹត្តនោះ...អាស៊ាននឹងជួបជាមួយ ប្រទេសចិនដើម្បីពិភាក្សាលើក្រមនៃការប្រព្រឹត្តចាប់ពីពេលនេះត ទៅ»។
លោកបញ្ជាក់ច្បាស់ថា៖ «ឯកសារនេះគឺសម្រាប់១១ភាគី មិនមែនតែអាស៊ានទេ។ វាសម្រាប់អាស៊ាន និងចិន»។
ជម្លោះ ទឹកដីជាផ្លូវនាវាចរដ៏សំខាន់មួយដែលគេជឿថា មានផ្ទុកធនធានធម្មជាតិប្រេងនិងឧស្ម័នដ៏ក្រាស់ក្រែលនេះកំពុង ក្លាយជាធុងរំសេវនៅក្រោមការដឹកនាំរបស់កម្ពុជា ជាប្រធានអាស៊ានដែលជាសម្ព័ន្ធមិត្តយ៉ាងជិតស្និទ្ធនៃប្រទេសចិន។
ភាព រសាប់រសល់អំពីក្រមនៃការប្រព្រឹត្តដែលនឹងត្រូវពិនិត្យ សម្រេចក្នុងឆ្នាំនេះ ខណៈខួប១០ឆ្នាំ នៃការប្រកាសពីក្រមនេះបានផុតកំណត់ពោរពេញទៅដោយការលាក់បាំង ជុំវិញសេចក្តីព្រាងនៃក្រមថ្មីនេះ។ លោកបន្តថា៖«ជារៀងរាល់ឆ្នាំ ពួកគេ(រដ្ឋមន្ត្រីការបរទេសអាស៊ាន)បានចេញសេចក្តីប្រកាសរួមមួយ ហើយវាមានបញ្ហាជាច្រើនដែលត្រូវដោះស្រាយ និងពិភាក្សាលើបញ្ហាទាំងនោះ រួមមានបញ្ហាសមុទ្រចិនខាងត្បូងផងដែរ»។
លោកបានធានាចំពោះមុខ អ្នកកាសែតក្នុងសន្និសីទសារព័ត៌មាននៅវិមាន សន្តិភាពកាលពីថ្ងៃម្សិលមិញ ប៉ុន្តែពុំបានបញ្ជាក់ពីអ្វីដែលជាចំណុចសំខាន់ត្រូវអនុម័តយក ដោយរដ្ឋមន្ត្រីការបរទេសអាស៊ានថា៖ «ពិតណាស់ យើងត្រូវរកភាសានិយាយឲ្យបានត្រឹមត្រូវសម្រាប់បញ្ហាផ្សេងនៅក្នុង សេចក្តីប្រកាសរួមគ្នានោះ ដូច្នេះយើងនឹងពិនិត្យសម្រេចបានអ្វីមួយនៅថ្ងៃអង្គារ ឬពុធនេះ»។
ការ ខិតជិតរបស់អាស៊ានចំពោះក្រមនៃការប្រព្រឹត្តក្រោមប្រធានអាស៊ាន របស់កម្ពុជា មើលទៅដូចជាវិវត្តហួសពីការពិភាក្សាគ្នានៅកោះបាលី កាលពីឆ្នាំទៅកាលពីឥណ្ឌូនេស៊ីធ្វើជាប្រធានអាស៊ាន បើនិយាយអំពីការចូលរួមរបស់ចិននៅក្នុងដំណើរការព្រាងឯកសារនោះ។
ប៉ុន្តែសារៈសំខាន់នៃការអនុម័តយកដោយជោគជ័យនៃក្រមថ្មីនេះពុំមែនជាបរាជ័យរបស់ភាគីកម្ពុជាទេ។
លោក កៅ គឹមហួន បានបញ្ជាក់ថា៖«នេះជាខួប ១០ឆ្នាំ[នៃសេចក្តីប្រកាសនៃក្រម] ហេតុនេះហើយ ទើបវាសំខាន់ខ្លាំងណាស់ដែលភាគីទាំង ២ គឺអាស៊ាន និងចិន ត្រូវអនុវត្តកាតព្វកិច្ចរបស់ពួកគេទៅលើក្រមនេះ»៕ CR
EU scheme boosts Cambodian land grabs
- AAP
- July 10, 2012
An EU scheme to boost trade with
developing nations is fuelling land grabs in Cambodia, activists say,
with thousands evicted from their property to make way for a booming
sugar industry.
CAMPAIGNERS are taking their fight to European supermarkets,
encouraging a boycott of Cambodian sugar, which they claim is often
grown on land snatched illegally from rural farmers.
Yi Chhav said
she had no choice but to return to her family plantation to work for
the sugarcane grower that took her land, toiling for about $US1.50
($A1.46) a day in the sea of swaying emerald green plants that swallowed
her rice paddies.
"If we say there's no way we'll go to work in
the sugarcane plantation then what will we have to eat? There's no
work," the 68-year-old widow told AFP at her modest home in southwestern
Koh Kong province.
"How can we survive?" she said, adding that
the irregular work makes her feel like a "slave" and her low income has
forced her to pull her teenage daughter out of school.
Europe's "Everything But Arms" initiative is meant to help the
world's least developed nations by lifting import quotas and duties.
But
activists say it has sparked a voracious appetite for land in
Cambodia's sugar industry, leaving more than 3,000 dispossessed families
without fair compensation, while enriching well-connected investors.
Rights
groups say the government has ignored residents' legitimate land claims
by granting tens of thousands of hectares to local and foreign-owned
sugar firms across the nation.
Land titles are a murky issue in
Cambodia - the communist Khmer Rouge regime abolished property ownership
during its murderous rule in the late 1970s - and disputes pitting
developers and agricultural firms against villagers have sparked
increasingly violent protests in the country.
Industry and
government officials argue that there is compensation on offer for those
affected, and that the sugar business is good for Cambodia because it
creates jobs.
But activists say the compensation is inadequate.
After years of seemingly futile protests, they are now urging the EU -
and European consumers - to step in to combat what they term "blood"
sugar.
"It is scandalous that the European Union permits this
tainted sugar to be sold within its territory, but until the EU
implements a ban on the import of goods produced on stolen land it is up
to European consumers to say no to these products," said David Pred, a
representative from the Cambodian Clean Sugar Campaign.
The
coalition of rights groups and representatives from affected communities
this week launched a campaign urging shoppers to put pressure on Tate
and Lyle Sugars to stop buying from Cambodian suppliers.
Their
website - www.boycottbloodsugar.net - includes a video showing
distressed villagers watching as rural buildings go up in flames.
The
British-based firm, once part of the Tate and Lyle group but now owned
by the US company American Sugar Refining (ASR), failed to respond to
repeated requests from AFP for comment.
The EU's ambassador to Cambodia, Jean-Francois Cautain, told AFP the European Union was looking into the concerns.
"The
government has already given us some documents and we are in the
process of studying them and then we'll have an important discussion,"
he said, welcoming Phnom Penh's recent announcement that it would review
all land concessions following a spike in conflicts this year.
Government
spokesman E.K Tha said authorities were "on the right track" in
addressing land disputes, but referred specific questions about
grievances in the sugar industry to the companies running the
operations.
Koh Kong, one of three sugar-growing provinces, has
the country's oldest and most active plantation, exporting around 20,000
tonnes of sugar to the EU in 2011 - double the figure from 2010 -
according to local rights groups such as Equitable Cambodia and Licadho.
Ruling
party senator and Cambodian business heavyweight Ly Yong Phat, who has
sold his stake in the Koh Kong operation but still has ties to other
sugar plantations, told AFP there was little companies could do besides
offering compensation because concessions were legally granted by the
government.
"If it were my land, I would share with them, then the
problem is over. But it's the state's land. So what can I do?" he told
AFP.
Frustrated by the battle, some affected families in Koh Kong
recently accepted a hiked cash settlement, from around 10,000 riel
($A243), said community leader Teng Kao.
But most are still holding out for a deal that makes up for the loss of their livelihoods.
"We can't live without our land. Every day we ask for our land back so that we can grow rice and crops like before," he said.
Co-operation with Cambodia over transport to strengthen
HA NOI — The close co-operation between the Vietnamese Ministry of Transport and the Cambodian Ministry of Public Works and Transport has made a positive contribution to friendship, Deputy Prime Minister Nguyen Xuan Phuc has said.
Receiving Cambodian Minister of Public Works and Transport Tram Iv Tek yesterday, Phuc proposed that the two ministries enhance co-operation in all fields, especially in developing transport infrastructure and connectivity to facilitate trade and travel.
He said the Vietnamese Government would create favourable conditions for the two ministries to increase their relationship. — VNS
Cambodia: Clinton Should Prioritize Improving Human Rights
Mon, 9 Jul 2012 23:00 GMT
(New
York) - United States Secretary of State Hillary Clinton should make it
clear in public and private to Cambodian Prime Minister Hun Sen
that closer relations with the US will not be possible without
significant improvements in the deteriorating human rights situation in Cambodia. Clinton will visit Cambodia from July 11-13 for the annual Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) heads of government meeting.
In recent months the Cambodian government has launched repeated attacks on critics, including the summary arrest and conviction of women protesting eviction from prime Phnom Penh real estate, the siege of a rural village opposing the allegedly corrupt sale of their land to cronies of the prime minister, and an armed attack by military personnel working as enforcers for a rubber company who wounded four villagers protesting what they said was encroachment on their land. In April 2012, Chut Wutty, Cambodia's best-known environmental activist, was gunned down while researching illegal timber sales. The government first claimed he died in a shootout, then that he had been killed by a soldier who had subsequently managed to commit suicide by shooting himself twice in the chest.
"The Cambodian government is desperate for improved relations with the United States," said Brad Adams, Asia director. "Clinton should tell Hun Sen that continuing grave human rights violations will come at the cost of US support. She should insist that the Cambodian government set out specific, time-bound measures to reverse the country's increasingly disturbing rights record."
Hun Sen's approach to critics was exemplified in early 2011 when he responded with typically threatening language to the suggestion by a Cambodian critic that he should be worried about the overthrow of a dictator in Tunisia. "I not only weaken the opposition, I'm going to make them dead ... and if anyone is strong enough to try to hold a demonstration, I will beat all those dogs and put them in a cage."
The recent release of protesters from prison after a summary trial shows that pressure from the US and other donors works.
Cambodia's Appeal Court in June released 13 women who had protested the seizure of their land from the Boeng Kak lake area of Phnom Penh and then sold to Cambodian and Chinese companies. The women had been convicted on May 24 of obstructing public officials and illegally occupying land. The court upheld their convictions but reduced their sentences to time already served in prison. Their releases occurred against a backdrop of increasing national and international pressure, including concerns expressed to the visiting Cambodian foreign minister during a June trip to Washington, D.C. Two other Boeng Kak lake activists remain charged for the same reason, making them vulnerable to arrest at any time. Also under threat is the Venerable Luon Sovat, Cambodia's best known Buddhist monk activist, who was charged by the Phnom Penh Municipal court with "incitement to commit a felony" in a transparent attempt to silence a critic with a large and growing following.
Clinton should prioritize an end to illegal land seizures, which are often driving poor villagers off their land without adequate compensation. A number of Cambodian and foreign businesses have been implicated in the often violent abuses arising from government-instigated or condoned land-grabbing and other unbridled economic ventures in agriculture, manufacturing, and extractive industries. Elements of the Cambodian police and armed forces, including the military police, have also been involved.
The transfer of land through economic concessions and other state-sanctioned arrangements have reached an all-time high after government grants last year reportedly brought the total to at least 2.3 million hectares and as many as four million hectares. In response to outcries over rights abuses and other legal concerns, Prime Minister Hun Sen in May ordered a temporary halt to the granting of new economic land concessions and a review of existing ones, and in June he announced a program to reallocate at least 10 percent of the concessions to people living on them. However, at least six new grants have since been finalized and one other restored after review, with the government declaring such decisions are legal exceptions to the moratorium.
"Clinton should tell Hun Sen that corrupt land grabs from the poor through government concessions must end or the country may face widespread social unrest," Adams said. "She should also make it clear that any hopes of a significant increase in American foreign investment depend on the end of pervasive corruption and establishing the rule of law."
The Cambodian judiciary remains politically controlled by Hun Sen and the ruling Cambodian People's Party (CPP), effectively protecting the business interests and political positions of government officials. A recent example was in Kratie province, where on May 16, 2012, an estimated 1,000 members of the security forces stormed a village resisting a land concession controlled by the Casotim Company and shot dead Heng Chantha, a 14-year-old girl. The government justified the actions as necessary to suppress so-called secessionists. Instead of ordering an investigation into the killing, the provincial court issued warrants for the arrest of five protest leaders. The government is also using the incident to threaten the arrest of Mam Sanando, owner of a popular radio station and a veteran media critic of the government who has thus far remained out of the country to avoid detention.
It is crucial that Clinton press the Cambodian government to make the country safe for peaceful political opposition figures, Human Rights Watch said. Parliamentary opposition leader Sam Rainsy has been in exile, facing 12 years imprisonment on trumped up charges. Clinton should press the Cambodian government to quash all politically motivated court judgments against opposition politicians, transform national and local election commissions into truly independent bodies, and respect the right to freedom of expression via print, electronic, and social media.
"Where opposition leaders are hounded and prosecuted in politically motivated trials, the US often leads the international community in demanding that charges be dropped or convictions overturned," Adams said. "The US and others have remained conspicuously quiet since Rainsy's conviction, sending the message that they no longer consider pluralistic politics central to their relationship. Clinton should use this visit to demand that Rainsy be allowed to return to Cambodia so that he and his party can freely participate in elections in 2013, or the US will not consider the elections legitimate."
In recent months the Cambodian government has launched repeated attacks on critics, including the summary arrest and conviction of women protesting eviction from prime Phnom Penh real estate, the siege of a rural village opposing the allegedly corrupt sale of their land to cronies of the prime minister, and an armed attack by military personnel working as enforcers for a rubber company who wounded four villagers protesting what they said was encroachment on their land. In April 2012, Chut Wutty, Cambodia's best-known environmental activist, was gunned down while researching illegal timber sales. The government first claimed he died in a shootout, then that he had been killed by a soldier who had subsequently managed to commit suicide by shooting himself twice in the chest.
"The Cambodian government is desperate for improved relations with the United States," said Brad Adams, Asia director. "Clinton should tell Hun Sen that continuing grave human rights violations will come at the cost of US support. She should insist that the Cambodian government set out specific, time-bound measures to reverse the country's increasingly disturbing rights record."
Hun Sen's approach to critics was exemplified in early 2011 when he responded with typically threatening language to the suggestion by a Cambodian critic that he should be worried about the overthrow of a dictator in Tunisia. "I not only weaken the opposition, I'm going to make them dead ... and if anyone is strong enough to try to hold a demonstration, I will beat all those dogs and put them in a cage."
The recent release of protesters from prison after a summary trial shows that pressure from the US and other donors works.
Cambodia's Appeal Court in June released 13 women who had protested the seizure of their land from the Boeng Kak lake area of Phnom Penh and then sold to Cambodian and Chinese companies. The women had been convicted on May 24 of obstructing public officials and illegally occupying land. The court upheld their convictions but reduced their sentences to time already served in prison. Their releases occurred against a backdrop of increasing national and international pressure, including concerns expressed to the visiting Cambodian foreign minister during a June trip to Washington, D.C. Two other Boeng Kak lake activists remain charged for the same reason, making them vulnerable to arrest at any time. Also under threat is the Venerable Luon Sovat, Cambodia's best known Buddhist monk activist, who was charged by the Phnom Penh Municipal court with "incitement to commit a felony" in a transparent attempt to silence a critic with a large and growing following.
Clinton should prioritize an end to illegal land seizures, which are often driving poor villagers off their land without adequate compensation. A number of Cambodian and foreign businesses have been implicated in the often violent abuses arising from government-instigated or condoned land-grabbing and other unbridled economic ventures in agriculture, manufacturing, and extractive industries. Elements of the Cambodian police and armed forces, including the military police, have also been involved.
The transfer of land through economic concessions and other state-sanctioned arrangements have reached an all-time high after government grants last year reportedly brought the total to at least 2.3 million hectares and as many as four million hectares. In response to outcries over rights abuses and other legal concerns, Prime Minister Hun Sen in May ordered a temporary halt to the granting of new economic land concessions and a review of existing ones, and in June he announced a program to reallocate at least 10 percent of the concessions to people living on them. However, at least six new grants have since been finalized and one other restored after review, with the government declaring such decisions are legal exceptions to the moratorium.
"Clinton should tell Hun Sen that corrupt land grabs from the poor through government concessions must end or the country may face widespread social unrest," Adams said. "She should also make it clear that any hopes of a significant increase in American foreign investment depend on the end of pervasive corruption and establishing the rule of law."
The Cambodian judiciary remains politically controlled by Hun Sen and the ruling Cambodian People's Party (CPP), effectively protecting the business interests and political positions of government officials. A recent example was in Kratie province, where on May 16, 2012, an estimated 1,000 members of the security forces stormed a village resisting a land concession controlled by the Casotim Company and shot dead Heng Chantha, a 14-year-old girl. The government justified the actions as necessary to suppress so-called secessionists. Instead of ordering an investigation into the killing, the provincial court issued warrants for the arrest of five protest leaders. The government is also using the incident to threaten the arrest of Mam Sanando, owner of a popular radio station and a veteran media critic of the government who has thus far remained out of the country to avoid detention.
It is crucial that Clinton press the Cambodian government to make the country safe for peaceful political opposition figures, Human Rights Watch said. Parliamentary opposition leader Sam Rainsy has been in exile, facing 12 years imprisonment on trumped up charges. Clinton should press the Cambodian government to quash all politically motivated court judgments against opposition politicians, transform national and local election commissions into truly independent bodies, and respect the right to freedom of expression via print, electronic, and social media.
"Where opposition leaders are hounded and prosecuted in politically motivated trials, the US often leads the international community in demanding that charges be dropped or convictions overturned," Adams said. "The US and others have remained conspicuously quiet since Rainsy's conviction, sending the message that they no longer consider pluralistic politics central to their relationship. Clinton should use this visit to demand that Rainsy be allowed to return to Cambodia so that he and his party can freely participate in elections in 2013, or the US will not consider the elections legitimate."
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