- Thursday, 06 September 2012
- Rupert Winchester
- Sung Bonna is a man with plans. Not content with being one of the most
powerful players in Cambodia’s property market, he wants to take his
company regional, covering all aspects of the property business.
Talking to Post Property in his bustling offices in BKK1, the genial Bonna is softly-spoken, but his steely-eyed ambition quickly becomes apperent.
Starting from a small office space in 1999 with only a desk and an old motorbike, Bonna is now the president of the National Valuers’ Association of Cambodia and vice president of Real Estate Developers Association of Cambodia.
“At the moment we have business as property investors, developers, management and real estate and property agents and property valuation, so anything related to the property business, we cover. We develop residential, we develop offices, we develop commercial. We do it all,” he says proudly.
Over the years, Bonna has seen ups and downs in Cambodia’s property market, which he blames on inconsistent investment from overseas, which is now changing. “In 2006 and 2007, the investors were mostly Korean and Chinese. The Koreans were the main players. At the moment now things are going in a different direction. The Koreans are very slightly here. Most are Chinese, Vietnamese and Malaysian. Singaporeans and also the Japanese are coming as well at the moment this is a good sign that the Japanese are coming to Cambodia. But foreign investors now make up about 30 per cent of the total transactions, and 70 per cent are Cambodians.”
Bonna says that local investors are starting to look around the country and not just at Phnom Penh. “The local market is divided into two: one is the Cambodians from overseas, the second is Cambodian Cambodians - the majority being real locals. They are starting to look at the provinces, and the other major cities, like Siem Reap, Sihanoukville, Battambang, and some of the Special Economic Zones near the borders with Siem Reap and Battambang.”
However Bonna says that Phnom Penh is still the best place for serious property investment: “After the crisis of 2008 and 2009 property prices dropped, almost 50 or 60 per cent in some locations across the whole country. In Phnom Penh is just fell by 30 or 40 per cent.”
He says that Phnom Penh has weathered the storm well, and is continuing to prosper. “Phnom Penh reached the bottom early, in 2010, and flattened out and started to be stable until 2011, but in the provinces it still continued to slide down and down until 2011. Those values are still flat, and some provinces are still down a little bit because the demand and supply isn’t there. But in general Phnom Penh is the best, especially in the city centre and areas where the government is,” he says.
“Starting from 2011,” he continues, “the number of transactions increased almost 20-30 per cent, and it makes the prices stable and pick up a little bit: comparing 2011 and now, we’ve just finished the first half of 2012, and year-on-year the number of transactions has almost doubled. But the prices have also increased, about 10 per cent on average. Especially in BKK1 and Daun Penh and along the main commercial boulevards.”
However, Bonna thinks some of the more visible stalled projects that dot the Phnom Penh skyline need to dealt with. “If there is a huge project in the middle of the city which is stuck, it makes other investors feel concerned. Sometimes they don’t think it’s a company’s internal problems, they think maybe its the country that has problems, so they think maybe the economy is not too good. Sometimes, if possible, the ministry needs to keep an eye of supply and demand, and take care of investors.”
He rejects the idea that Phnom Penh could be facing another property bubble. “I don’t think with residential there will be a bubble, the buyers at this stage are not like the buyers before. The buyers at this stage are more concerned with real demand and real investment, not like the investors in 2006 and 2007,” he says.
With commercial and office space, he is slightly less sanguine. “There is some concern that there could be some oversupply in the future but in terms of the reality, it will be a challenge to stimulate demand … the market will find a solution. In the next three years, it’s not a concern. This is good for the country, it’s good for customers and good for demand, because of the competition.”
Bonna’s plans include listing his company on the Cambodia
Securities Exchange, the country’s nascent stock market. “Now I’m preparing the company, moving it, because it was at first a family company for the first five years, then the next five years it was a local entity, and now we’re aiming to become international so we’re changing a lot of our corporate governance policy, systems and structure, we are changing, and also our accounting and tax and everything, and we hope we’ll be ready by the end of next year or early in 2014.”I ask him why he thinks listing would be useful for him, and what the company would do with the funds raised. “We are planning to invest in Cambodia. My personal nationalism means I would prefer to develop my country, and I would prefer to invest in this country. We want to expand the brand to cover the whole country, that’s what I’m planning, to be in every province, everywhere there will be a retail office.”
His plans of rolling out the brand nationally are already well underway: “We’ve already started, in Siahanoukville, and in Siem Reap, which is opening this week, and we’ll be in Battambang by the end of this year. We want to expand to make it easy for customers and for investors, so they can just walk in, and it looks like a retail bank.”
But Bonna’s plans extend overseas as well: “We want to jump in to ASEAN as a network, so we’re planning to open branches in ASEAN countries, Next year we’re planning to have one branch somewhere, my thinking is Myanmar, and Laos, and in Vietnam, trying to bring in investors into Cambodia. We want to list to get funds to expand overseas and encourage more investors to Cambodia.”
Bonna feels that this is a good time to invest in the Kingdom. “Cambodia still has a lot of advantages, interesting things, there are only some negative things in terms of its reputation, but its culture and environment has more or less changed a lot, it has developed a lot in terms of the law, regulations. We know that it hasn’t reached the levels that everyone needs yet, but at least it’s changing and there are still positive signs.”
He still feels that more changes are needed before the country becomes truly competitive, however.
“We hope that the government changes more things, especially as we’re preparing to join the ASEAN Free Trade Area, so to be competitive we have to change ourselves more: the most important is the law: regulation and enforcement and culture, so this is important, so I think we still need to change, compared to most other ASEAN countries, we have more potential, and we can attract investors from around the world to Cambodia.”
Bonna says that the country’s recent history has made it harder for it to compete internationally. “Cambodia is very young, in terms of the government, in terms of the private sector, education, experience, business, human resources, things like that, it’s very young. So it’s very hard. We’re not complaining about the government but we are complaining, I suppose, about the history of our country, so everything is difficult and it’s not easy to compete with other ASEAN countries.”
Finally, I bring up the subject of the Bonna Tower, a long-mooted project to build a grand office building in Phnom Penh. “At the moment we don’t have the budget or the funds,” he tells me, “but this is our dream. As businessmen, if you don’t have a dream you cannot move, we have to build a dream to make ourselves move faster and forward to what we are dreaming, but we hope it will be coming.”
Saturday, 8 September 2012
Sung Bonna: Investing in the future of Cambodia
Malaysian Ambassador expresses pride
- Friday, 31 August 2012
- Post Staff
- In conjunction with the 55th Anniversary of the National Day of
Malaysia, I wish to convey my greetings and best wishes to all
Malaysians and to all our colleagues and friends in Cambodia. The theme
for this year’s National Day is “55 Years of Independence: Promises
Fulfilled” (55 TahunMerdeka: JanjiDitepati).
On this very special day, I would like to ask all my fellow Malaysians to reflect back and remember our forefathers and those who had sacrificed so much to lay the foundation of our great nation. The foresight of our leaders who had forged tolerance, understanding, and trust amongst the diverse racial and ethnic groupings, with its multitude of cultures and religious beliefs, has led to a united, harmonious and peaceful society that embraces moderation as a way of life. The vision of our leaders who had introduced development and relevant economic strategies, has also ensured that Malaysian enjoy better prosperity, education and medical and health care, living in a peaceful, safe and secure environment.
Under the present government, led by our Honourable Prime Minister, YAB Dato’Sri Najib Bin Tun Abdul Razak, the ‘I Malaysia’ concept was introduced, which is an ongoing nation building programme to emphasise ethnic harmony, national unity and efficient governance. Various reforms and transformation programs were also introduced, amongst them, the Government Transformation Programme (GTP) which is to rejuvenate a smooth, efficient and clean government, and the Economic Transformation Programme (ETP) that would contribute to the growth of Malaysia, and to achieve Malaysia’s vision to be a fully developed nation by 2020.
Since the introduction of the various transformation programs in 2010 Malaysia has increased its per capita income, from US$6,700 to $9,700 in 2011 which is on target to achieve its targetted per capita income of $15,000by the year 2020. In terms of investment, the Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) has increased by 12.3 per cent to RM 33 billion (slightly more than US$ 10 billion), whilst private investment increased by 19 per cent to RM 94 billion (about $30 billion) in 2011, compared to the previous year.
The reforms and transformation programmes have also contributed to Malaysia being recognized as one of the 21 most competitive countries globally in 2012 by the World Economic Forum Report. The World Bank has also recognized and ranked Malaysia as the 18th country in terms of ease of starting and doing business, ahead of countries like Germany, Japan, Taiwan and France.
As Malaysians, are all very proud of our achievements since independence, with our country enjoying continued peace and stability and its multi ethnic population living harmoniously in unity, enjoying increasing prosperity, better health and education, whilst the country is now recognized as an important member of the global community.
Malaysia is also enjoying strong and friendly relations with Cambodia. Malaysia has been one of the earliest investors in Cambodia and has invested more than $2.8 billion since the early 1990s and is now the 4th largest investor in Cambodia. It is now represented very prominently in many sectors, including banking, hotel, telecom, utilities and manufacturing. Our bilateral trade has grown to $324 million in 2011 compared to $229 million in 2010. Significantly, Cambodia’s exports to Malaysia increased by 95.5 per cent in 2011, compared to 2010. This trend is expected to continue to grow this year. In terms of visitors, about 100,000 Malaysians visited Cambodia in 2011, compared to 84,000 in 2010. Cambodians visiting Malaysia also increased from 48,000 in 2010 to about 50,000 to 2011.
The contribution of Malaysian businesses to the Cambodian economy has been well recognized by the Cambodian government. The increase in bilateral trade, investment and people-to-people contact, between Malaysia and Cambodia, both members of ASEAN, augurs well for the success of the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) which will come into being in 2015. In this regard, we wish to congratulate Cambodia for its Chairmanship of ASEAN in 2012 and playing a very significant role in moving forward the realization of this grand vision. Interestingly, Malaysia will take over the Chairmanship of ASEAN in 2015. It is the hope of the Malaysian government that Malaysian investors and Malaysians working in Cambodia will continue to contribute to the development and economic progress of this dynamic country, and to assist in enhancing the excellent relations between Malaysia and Cambodia.
On this very auspicious occasion, I take this opportunity to thank the Royal Government of Cambodia, for the assistance and cooperation rendered to the Embassy of Malaysia, and to wish the Government and the people of the Kingdom of Cambodia Great Success, Peace and Prosperity.
Cheating blights our schools
- Monday, 27 August 2012
- You Sokunpanha
- High-school seniors in Cambodia are anxiously awaiting the results of
the school-leaving examination they sat just over two weeks ago.
For many, the exam was the culmination of years of hard work and gruelling preparation. How they performed in it is crucial, because it will determine their chance of a place in university, which will, in turn, help or harm their future employment prospects.
Sadly, there was evidence of widespread bribery and cheating during the exam.
Stories have circulated of proctors who set a “quota” – the amount of money raised by those sitting the exam in each room – that had to be paid in return for a blind eye towards blatant acts of plagiarism including copying from “cheat sheets” that were allowed into test centres.
For extra money, some proctors reportedly even offered to write papers on test-takers’ behalf.
That such practices occur at all is unfortunate, though not surprising.
Even the most stringent, well-thought-out proctoring system cannot eliminate cheating. But the most worrying aspect is that the practice of bribery, in exchange for cheating, is now so pervasive that it is accepted as a fact of life and ceases to “feel wrong” or to shock the consciences of those involved.
On one hand, some proctors treat exams as an opportunity to “earn” extra income. On the other, some students simply opt to pay to pass exams instead of studying and preparing for them.
In addition, parents are willing to give their children money to bribe proctors, and a small industry has sprung up to supply test-takers with cheat sheets, often with the claim that questions covered in these cheat sheets will also be on the real exams.
Not all engage in this corrupt practice, but the consequences of tolerating it can be grave.
Students are ill-served by a system that allows an easy pass. Presented with the option of paying for their degree, students have fewer incentives to apply themselves to their studies.
They may fail to gain through schooling the skills and knowledge needed to lead a fulfilling life and become productive, responsible citizens able to contribute to their country’s development.
Furthermore, in a more globalised society, they will find it difficult to compete with the knowledge workers of other countries in the region and the wider world.
I also cannot help but wonder how this experience shapes the moral character of 18-year-old examination candidates.
In addition to being a yardstick for university admission, a high-school degree is a symbol of intellectual accomplishment that is worthy of recognition and praise. That it can be bought and sold so readily may send the wrong signal to young Cambodians that money reigns supreme over honour and respect, and is an acceptable alternative to hard work and real effort.
Surely this is not a lesson we want to leave our children with.
Addressing this issue is not easy, but it is possible. The Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport can begin by introducing a zero-tolerance policy towards cheating and bribery during exams.
Proctors who solicit, or accept, bribes should be barred from supervising future exams and be denied promotion.
Depending on the seriousness of their actions, students caught cheating should be required to sit for the examination again, have their grades reduced or given an automatic fail.
At the same time, the education system needs to be reformed to focus more on critical thinking and analytical skills and less on rote learning and exams.
Instead of using examination results as the sole admission criterion, for example, universities should introduce other requirements such as admission essays that challenge students to carefully think about, and articulate, their reasons for wanting a tertiary education.
And these measures should be complemented with longer-term policies aimed at recruiting, training and retaining capable teachers through both an appeal to their sense of public service and reasonable remuneration.
Most important, fixing the problem requires a concerted effort by all of society – students, parents, educators, policymakers – to refuse to take part in a fraudulent practice.
A good sign will be when bribery and cheating, instead of being widely accepted and unquestioned, once again becomes a taboo.
Conscription not for everyone
- Friday, 07 September 2012
- Stuart White and Phak Seangly
- In less than a week, 18-year-old Heng Tina, who has just finished his
high-school exam, will take another test that determines whether he’ll
get a scholarship to go to technical school, a development that would
put him one step closer to his dream of becoming an engineer and
designing skyscrapers.
But according to a law passed in 2006, though never meaningfully enforced, Tina should be taking exams of a different sort – such as marksmanship and physical fitness – as a newly minted conscript in the Royal Cambodian Armed Forces.
Under the law, which many Cambodians – including Tina – have never heard of, every Cambodian man aged 18 to 23 is obliged to serve in the armed forces for 18 months.
It is something many say would do more harm than good, especially considering penal police director Lieutenant General Mok Chito’s announcement last week that more than 1,200 RCAF soldiers deserted their posts in the first eight months of 2012 alone.
According to the US Central Intelligence Agency’s world fact book, more than 150,000 Cambodian men reach “militarily significant age”, that is, 16 years old, every year, and conscripting every 18-year-old male in the Kingdom would cause a significant spike in the size of the military, despite years-long efforts to trim its size.
“Cambodia is overloaded with a number of soldiers,” said opposition Sam Rainsy lawmaker Son Chhay, who has seen troop counts as high as 200,000 – though he believes the actual number to be closer to 70,000.
Many of the soldiers that were “demobilised” in the past were simply ghost soldiers, he said, names on lists meant to swell a battalion’s payroll so that uncollected pay cheques could be taken by higher-ranking officers, of whom there are also too many.
“The government has to clean house . . . I’ve lost count of the generals. There are more stars on the shoulders of Cambodian soldiers than there are in the sky,” Chhay said.
And, he added, the military’s already-low pay is responsible for the trend of soldiers moonlighting as security guards for private corporations.
Ho Chantrea, a 29-year-old soldier stationed in Phnom Penh, declined to discuss the particulars of his own pay, but said that many of his friends took outside security jobs to augment their income.
“The salary is not enough,” said Chantrea, adding that he wanted to follow his friends’ example. “I also want to get extra jobs, but not yet.”
The lowest-ranking soldiers, Chantrea said, make only about $50 a month.
Soam Chivoan, who, at age 20, is another would-be draftee, said that given his druthers, he’d stick with the mobile booth he now runs, adding that even if the army paid better, he’d rather stay put.
That low salary, said Chhay, often has adverse effects.
“That’s why you can see soldiers being used by a private company to intimidate people,” Chhay said.
“There are so many abuses being raised by so many soldiers already, so you need soldiers who are qualified … not drunken two- or three-star generals who will set a bad habit for our young soldiers,” he added.
On August 31, police official Mok Chito blamed deserters, who he said often sell their service weapons, for a spike in armed robberies. In May, the military came under fire from rights groups after a soldier fatally shot a 14-year-old in a forced land eviction in Kratie province’s Pro Ma village, and reports of soldiers’ involvement in land evictions are a near weekly occurrence.
Independent political analyst Lao Mong Hay warned that adding more soldiers without significant reforms wasn’t likely to make things any better.
“I think that it’s not good to have a number of young people familiar with using guns, that after a while you let loose without discipline,” he said.
According to Mong Hay, a military that provided conscripts with a set of skills, and options for the future, could be a positive development, but the current system would be unlikely to produce such results.
Furthermore, he said, Cambodia has neither the human nor financial resources for full implementation of the 2006 law.
Nicolas Agostino, a technical assistant at the rights NGO Adhoc, also expressed concerns that the law would be unevenly enforced, and could have adverse political side effects.
“Those who are more well-off or well-connected would be able to evade conscription,” he said.
Multiple officials in various branches of the Ministry of National Defence, including the ministry’s policy arm, declined to comment on the conscription law.
Press and Quick Reaction Unit spokesman Ek Tha directed questions to Council of Ministers spokesman Phay Siphan, who said he was unfamiliar with the law.
តួនាទីព្រះពុទ្ធសាសនាក្នុងការអភិវឌ្ឍប្រទេសកម្ពុជា
ដោយ សួន សុផលមុន្នី
2012-09-07
ប្រជាពលរដ្ឋខ្មែរដែលជាអ្នកកាន់សាសនាព្រះពុទ្ធមានរហូតទៅ ៩៥% ប៉ុន្តែអ្នកដែលបដិបត្តិតាមធម៌វិន័យរបស់ព្រះសម្មាសម្ពុទ្ធភាគច្រើន មានតែទៅលើមនុស្សចាស់ ដែលជាអ្នកកាន់សីល។ បញ្ហានេះបានធ្វើឲ្យគេមានការព្រួយបារម្ភទៅលើក្រុមយុវជននៅក្នុង ប្រទេសកម្ពុជា។ព្រះពុទ្ធសាសនាកំពុងដើរតួនាទីយ៉ាងសំខាន់នៅក្នុងការអភិវឌ្ឍ ប្រទេសកម្ពុជា។ នៅពេលបច្ចុប្បន្ននេះ គេសង្កេតឃើញមានព្រះសង្ឃជាច្រើនអង្គ កំពុងចូលរួមធ្វើសកម្មភាពជួយដល់ការអភិវឌ្ឍនៅ ក្នុងសង្គមកម្ពុជា តាមរយៈការចុះអប់រំផ្ទាល់នៅតាមសហគមន៍ និងបានទេសនាអប់រំធម៌វិន័យ និងសីលធម៌តាមប្រព័ន្ធផ្សព្វផ្សាយ មានដូចជា វិទ្យុ ទូរទស្សន៍ ជាដើម។
ព្រះសង្ឃព្រះនាម ទុយ លីណា គង់នៅវត្តពិភិទ្ធារាម មានថេរដីកាថា ក្រៅពីព្រះអង្គបួសជាសង្ឃគង់នៅក្នុងវត្ត ព្រះអង្គបានស្ម័គ្រចិត្តចូលរួមចំណែកលើការងារអភិវឌ្ឍន៍សង្គម។ ក្នុងនោះព្រះអង្គបានចូលប្រឡូកក្នុងការងារសហគមន៍ ទស្សនៈសីលធម៌ព្រះពុទ្ធសាសនា និងបានសម្ដែងធម្មទេសនាតាមវិទ្យុ។
ព្រះអង្គស្ម័គ្រចិត្តដោយបានបើកវគ្គបណ្ដុះបណ្ដាល និងផ្សព្វផ្សាយពីផលប៉ះពាល់នៃការប្រើប្រាស់គ្រឿងស្រវឹង ហើយនិងផលប៉ះពាល់នៃការប្រើប្រាស់អំពើហិង្សា៖ «បើកវគ្គបណ្ដុះ បណ្ដាលលើកឡើងអំពីផលប៉ះពាល់នៃការប្រើប្រាស់គ្រឿងស្រវឹង ក៏ដូចជា ដំណោះស្រាយ ការជំរុញលើកទឹកចិត្តដល់ប្រជាពលរដ្ឋ និងយុវជនទាំងអស់រស់នៅក្នុងឃុំគោលដៅហ្នឹង ឲ្យគាត់មានការភ្ញាក់រលឹកយល់ដឹងពីផលប៉ះពាល់នៃការប្រើប្រាស់ គ្រឿងស្រវឹង មានការបើកសិក្ខាសាលា អញ្ជើញវាគ្មិនចូលរួម ដើម្បីបកស្រាយអំពីបញ្ហាហ្នឹង ហើយមានការចូលរួមប្រជុំតាមសហគមន៍ ប្រជុំជាមួយក្រុមប្រឹក្សាឃុំសង្កាត់»។
នៅក្នុងសកម្មភាពនេះ ព្រះអង្គបានជំរុញឲ្យមេឃុំ ចៅសង្កាត់ សមាជិកក្រុមប្រឹក្សាឃុំសង្កាត់ មេភូមិ ឲ្យមានការកោះអញ្ជើញប្រជាពលរដ្ឋឲ្យបានច្រើនចូលរួម ដើម្បីប្រជុំផ្សព្វផ្សាយស្វែងយល់ពីការងារសង្គម ដែលជាបញ្ហាប្រឈមជាច្រើនទៀត នៅក្នុងសង្គមកម្ពុជា។ ព្រះអង្គបន្តថា នៅពេលព្រះអង្គនិមន្តពីខេត្តមួយទៅខេត្តមួយ តែងតែឃើញនូវទិដ្ឋភាពនៃការប្រើអំពើហិង្សា ដែលកើតចេញដោយសារការប្រើប្រាស់គ្រឿងស្រវឹង។ នៅក្នុងព្រះពុទ្ធសាសនា ព្រះអង្គបានសម្ដែងធម៌ផ្ដោតទៅលើការដឹកនាំសត្វ ឲ្យរួចផុតពីទុក្ខក៏ពិតមែន ប៉ុន្តែទន្ទឹមគ្នានោះ ព្រះអង្គបានបន្សល់នូវទ្រឹស្ដីមួយចំនួនសម្រាប់អ្នករស់នៅក្នុង បច្ចុប្បន្នភាព។
ព្រះអង្គបានលើកយកទ្រឹស្ដីមួយដែលព្រះសម្មាសម្ពុទ្ធសម្ដែងទាក់ ទិនទៅសីលប្រាំ នៅក្នុងចំណុចសីលប្រាំ ព្រះអង្គហាមការបៀតបៀនអាយុជីវិតគ្នា ការកាប់សម្លាប់គ្នា នេះជាទ្រឹស្ដីមួយដែលព្រះអង្គបានសម្ដែងទុក សម្រាប់មនុស្សទាំងអស់គ្នាដែលរស់នៅ៖ «នេះជាទ្រឹស្ដីដែលព្រះអង្គ សម្ដែងចូលរួមអភិវឌ្ឍន៍យ៉ាងខ្លាំង នៅក្នុងសង្គមខ្មែរនាពេលបច្ចុប្បន្នហ្នឹង។ ពីព្រោះ បើសិនជាមនុស្សទាំងអស់អនុវត្តន៍ គោរពតាមពាក្យពេចន៍ទ្រឹស្ដីរបស់ព្រះអង្គ ដែលបានបន្សល់ទុកហ្នឹងមក អត់មានការផឹកស្រា អំពើហិង្សាកើតឡើងដោយសារគ្រឿងស្រវឹងទាំងអស់»។
អ្នកសម្របសម្រួលរបស់មជ្ឈមណ្ឌលប្រជាពលរដ្ឋដើម្បីអភិវឌ្ឍន៍ និងសន្តិភាព (ភីឌីភី) សាខាខេត្តបាត់ដំបង អ្នកស្រី កែវ ឈូក បានថ្លែងថា វិស័យព្រះពុទ្ធសាសនាកំពុងមានតួនាទីយ៉ាងសំខាន់នៅក្នុងសង្គម កម្ពុជា។ នៅតាមទីអារាមជាកន្លែងបណ្ដុះធនធានមនុស្ស និងជួយដល់សិស្ស និស្សិត ដើម្បីស្នាក់នៅរៀនសូត្រ។ ព្រះពុទ្ធសាសនាបានជួយអភិវឌ្ឍន៍ផ្នែកស្មារតី តាមរយៈព្រះសង្ឃទេសនា ការផ្សព្វផ្សាយនៅតាមវិទ្យុ និងទូរទស្សន៍ អំពីដំបូន្មានល្អ ដែលធ្វើអោយមនុស្សកាត់បន្ថយហិង្សា ធ្វើឲ្យមនុស្សចេះស្រឡាញ់រាប់អានគ្នា៖ «ក្រៅពីហ្នឹង ព្រះសង្ឃបានចូលរួមចំណែកក្នុងការបង្ហាត់បង្រៀនអក្សរសាស្ត្រ ជាក់ស្ដែងដូចនៅបាត់ដំបង យើងនេះ មានសកលវិទ្យាល័យពុទ្ធិកព្រះសីហនុ មិនថាព្រះសង្ឃទេដែលអាចបន្តការសិក្សាបាន សូម្បីតែនិស្សិតជាគ្រហស្ថក៏អាចបន្តការសិក្សាបាន ដូចថា សាលាមានវិន័យបង្ហាត់បង្រៀនអក្សរសាស្ត្រច្បាស់លាស់»។
លោក គឹម ងួន ប្រធានការិយាល័យនៃមន្ទីរធម្មការខេត្តបាត់ដំបង លោកបានមានប្រសាសន៍ថា ព្រះពុទ្ធសាសនាកំពុងធ្វើសកម្មភាពយ៉ាងសកម្ម ដើម្បីជួយដល់ការងារអភិវឌ្ឍន៍សង្គមកម្ពុជា។ ក្នុងនោះ ព្រះសង្ឃបានរួមចំណែកយ៉ាងសំខាន់ក្នុងការផ្សព្វផ្សាយព្រះធម៌ អប់រំសីលធម៌សង្គម តាមវិទ្យុ ទូរទស្សន៍ និងនៅតាមសាលារៀន។ នៅពេលមានគ្រោះមហន្តរាយដោយទឹកជំនន់ ដោយខ្យល់ព្យុះ គឺវត្តអារាមបានជួយជាថវិកា ជាសម្ភារៈ និងកម្លាំងកាយ ដើម្បីស្ដារហេដ្ឋារចនាសម្ព័ន្ធឡើងវិញ ក្រោយពីរងការខូចខាត៖ «នៅ តាមវត្តអារាម ព្រះសង្ឃបានជួយការងារសង្គម ពិសេសជួយដល់កូនចៅប្រជាពលរដ្ឋក្រីក្រ ដែលអត់មានកន្លែងស្នាក់នៅរៀនសូត្រ។ វត្តអារាមបានក្លាយជាទីតាំងយ៉ាងសំខាន់ សម្រាប់ជួយអោយសិស្សស្នាក់នៅ ដើម្បីសិក្សារៀនសូត្រ អនាគតក្មេងក្លាយជាធនធានមនុស្សសម្រាប់ការអភិវឌ្ឍសង្គមជាតិយើង»។
មនុស្សចាស់ជរា ស្ត្រីមេម៉ាយក្រីក្រ ព្រះសង្ឃបានជួយផ្ដល់ជាម្ហូបអាហារ ជាសំលៀកបំពាក់។ ក្រៅពីនេះ ព្រះសង្ឃជួយដល់មជ្ឈមណ្ឌលផ្ដាច់គ្រឿងញៀន ផ្ដល់ជាសម្ភារៈ ម្ហូបអាហារ និងឱវាទសម្រាប់ឲ្យអ្នកញៀនថ្នាំញៀន មានការកែប្រែតាមរយៈការអប់រំ។ ទន្ទឹមគ្នានេះ ព្រះសង្ឃបានចូលទៅអប់រំទណ្ឌិតនៅតាមពន្ធនាគារ។ ទាំងនេះ សុទ្ធតែជាសកម្មភាពរបស់ព្រះពុទ្ធសាសនា ដើម្បីចូលរួមក្នុងការអភិវឌ្ឍសង្គម។
លោក គឹម ងួន៖ «នៅកន្លែងយើងនេះ យើងមានមណ្ឌលវិបស្សនានៅទូទាំងខេត្តបាត់ដំបង មាន៧ទីតាំង ជាពិសេសសកម្មភាពខ្លាំង គឺនៅខាងស្រុកបាណន់ ទ្រុងមាន់ ទ្រុងទា អាហ្នឹងគឺពុទ្ធបរិស័ទដែលមានវិបត្តិផ្លូវចិត្តចូលទៅក្នុងហ្នឹង។ យើងមានឲ្យធ្វើវិបស្សនាកម្មដ្ឋានទៅតាមកម្រិត មានកម្រិតបឋម មធ្យម និងឧត្ដម យើងសិក្សារយៈពេល១០វគ្គ មួយវគ្គ១០ថ្ងៃ មួយវគ្គមានតាំងពីកុមារអីក៏មានដែរនៅក្នុងហ្នឹង។ យើងមានមណ្ឌលវិបស្សនាដែលជាសកម្មភាពជួយខាងផ្នែកផ្លូវចិត្ត គេហៅថា មណ្ឌលវិបស្សនាលទ្ធិកា»។
ក្រៅពីនេះ ព្រះសង្ឃបានបើកអង្គការសម្រាប់ជួយកុមារកំព្រា។ ព្រះសង្ឃបានយកក្មេងៗទាំងនោះ ទៅចិញ្ចឹម ដោយបានបណ្ដុះបណ្ដាលពួកគេឲ្យរៀន រៀនអក្សរសាស្ត្រខ្មែរ រៀនជំនាញកាត់ដេរ។
ព្រះសង្ឃព្រះនាម ទុយ លីណា គង់នៅវត្តពិភិទ្ធារាម បានថេរដីកាថា នៅប្រទេសកម្ពុជា មានប្រជាពលរដ្ឋខ្មែរ៩៤ទៅ៩៥% ជាអ្នកកាន់ព្រះពុទ្ធសាសនា ប៉ុន្តែមានអ្នកបដិបត្តិតាមធម៌ព្រះពុទ្ធមានតិចតួចណាស់។ ក្រុមយុវជននៅកម្ពុជា ពុំបានខិតខំប្រឹងប្រែងរៀនសូត្រទេ បញ្ហានេះគឺជាការងាររួមទាំងអស់គ្នា ទាំងវិស័យព្រះពុទ្ធសាសនា និងអាណាចក្រ ដែលចូលរួមអប់រំទប់ស្កាត់៖ «នៅក្នុងសង្គមខ្មែរយើង នាពេលបច្ចុប្បន្ន យុវជនអត់សូវចំណាប់អារម្មណ៍ទៅលើការសិក្សារៀនសូត្រអីប៉ុន្មានទេ គ្រាន់សប្បាយច្រើន គាត់មិនទាន់មានវ័យអីគ្រប់គ្រាន់ផង គាត់មានស្នេហាអ៊ីចឹងទៅ ជាបញ្ហាមួយដែលធ្វើឲ្យបាត់បង់នូវធនធានមនុស្ស។ បញ្ហាដ៏សំខាន់មួយទៀត គឺយុវជនតែងតែផឹកនូវគ្រឿងស្រវឹងដែលបញ្ហាហ្នឹងកើតឡើងដោយសារការ ផ្សព្វផ្សាយពាណិជ្ជកម្មនៃគ្រឿងស្រវឹង ហើយជំរុញឲ្យយុវជនហ្នឹងអ្ហែង ផឹកនូវគ្រឿងស្រវឹង ហើយជាពិសេសនៅក្នុងស្រុកខ្មែរ ស្នើគ្រប់ទីកន្លែងទាំងអស់ គ្រប់ផ្ទាំងប៉ាណូទាក់ទងទៅនឹងផ្លាកយីហោគ្រឿងស្រវឹងមានគ្រប់ ទីកន្លែងទាំងអស់»។
ព្រះអង្គបន្តថា កម្ពុជាមានយុវជន៣០% ក្នុងចំណោមប្រជាពលរដ្ឋប្រហែល១៥លាននាក់។ កម្ពុជា ជាប្រទេសមួយដែលសម្បូរទៅដោយកម្លាំងពលកម្ម ដែលពួកអ្នកវិនិយោគទុនក្រៅប្រទេសសម្លឹងឃើញថា អាចដាក់ទុនទៅបាន ព្រោះមានកម្លាំងពលកម្ម ប៉ុន្តែផ្ទុយទៅវិញ គេមានការបារម្ភពីប្រទេសកម្ពុជា ដោយគេយល់ថា កម្ពុជាទៅអនាគតពុំមានធនធានមនុស្ស ដោយសារយុវជនខ្មែរពុលទៅនឹងគ្រឿងស្រវឹង៕
អ្នកវិភាគ៖ វិស័យការទូតកម្ពុជាកំពុងធ្លាក់ចុះយ៉ាងខ្លាំង
ដោយ តាំង សារ៉ាដា
2012-09-08
ក្រុមអ្នកវិភាគឲ្យដឹងថា ក្នុងរយៈពេលចុងក្រោយនេះ វិស័យការទូតរបស់កម្ពុជា កំពុងធ្លាក់ចុះយ៉ាងខ្លាំង ដោយការប្រើពាក្យសម្ដីមិនសូវសមរម្យក្នុងកិច្ចការតស៊ូផ្នែកការទូត ជាមួយបណ្ដាប្រទេសផ្សេងៗ។លោកបណ្ឌិត ឡៅ ម៉ុងហៃ អ្នកវិភាគឯករាជ្យបានវាយតម្លៃថា មន្ត្រីការទូតរបស់ខ្មែរភាគច្រើន មិនសូវមានវិជ្ជាជីវៈខ្ពស់សម្រាប់ការតស៊ូផ្នែកកិច្ចការបរទេសទេ។ លោកថា ប្រសិនបើកម្ពុជាមិនមានភាពចាស់ទុំក្នុងការធ្វើនយោបាយការបរទេស ជាមួយបណ្ដាប្រទេសផ្សេងៗទេ នោះកម្ពុជាអាចខាតបង់ការគាំទ្រដ៏សម្បើមពីឆាកអន្តរជាតិ។
កាលពីដើមខែសីហា កន្លងទៅ ឯកអគ្គរាជទូតខ្មែរប្រចាំប្រទេសហ្វីលីពីន លោក ហើស សេរីធន បានប្រើពាក្យថា ប្រទេសហ្វីលីពីន និងវៀតណាម បានប្រើនយោបាយកខ្វក់ក្នុងការជំរុញឲ្យកម្ពុជាប្រឈមមុខក្នុង ជម្លោះសមុទ្រចិនខាងត្បូង។
ការចេញលិខិតការទូតរបស់តំណាងរដ្ឋាភិបាលកម្ពុជា នៅក្រៅប្រទេស តិះដៀលក្រុមអ្នករិះគន់ ឬរដ្ឋាភិបាលនៃប្រទេសផ្សេងៗនេះ មិនមែនជាលើកទីមួយនោះទេ។ កាលពីថ្ងៃទី៣០ ខែមេសា កន្លងទៅ លោក ហោ ណាំបូរ៉ា ឯកអគ្គរាជទូតខ្មែរប្រចាំប្រទេសអង់គ្លេស បានប្រតិកម្មទៅនឹងអង្គការឃ្លាំមើលពិភពលោក (Global Witness) ថា ប្រើល្បិចអន់ថយបែបវិកលចរិត ក្នុងការសរសេររបាយការណ៍ថោកទាបដូចសំរាម ចោទរដ្ឋាភិបាលកម្ពុជា ថាបានទទួលសំណូកចំនួន២៨លានដុល្លារសហរដ្ឋអាមេរិក ពីក្រុមហ៊ុនប្រេងរបស់បារាំងមួយឈ្មោះតូតាល់ (Total) ជាថ្នូរទៅនឹងការទទួលបានអាជ្ញាប័ណ្ណរុករកប្រេងនៅកម្ពុជា។
លោកបណ្ឌិត ឡៅ ម៉ុងហៃ បានអំពាវនាវឲ្យរដ្ឋាភិបាលកម្ពុជា បើកវគ្គបណ្ដុះបណ្ដាលវិជ្ជាជីវៈកិច្ចការបរទេសបន្ថែមដល់គ្រប់ឯកអគ្គ រាជទូត ដើម្បីឲ្យពួកគេមានលទ្ធភាពធ្វើកិច្ចការទំនាក់ទំនងកាន់តែប្រសើរ សម្រាប់កម្ពុជា។
ជាមួយគ្នានេះផងដែរ លោកបណ្ឌិត ឡៅ ម៉ុងហៃ ក៏បានកោតសរសើរដល់កិច្ចការការទូតរបស់ខ្មែរប្រចាំក្រុងវ៉ាស៊ីនតោន (Washington) និងក្រុងប៉ារីស (Paris) ថាមានភាពចាស់ទុំច្រើន និងមានប្រជាប្រិយភាពក្នុងសហគមន៍ខ្មែរ។
ក្រុមអ្នកឃ្លាំមើលខ្លះបានប្រៀបធៀបសីលធម៌ ក្នុងការនិយាយស្តីរបស់រដ្ឋាភិបាលទៅនឹងសីលធម៌នៃសង្គមគ្រួសារតូច មួយ។ ជាធម្មតា កាលណាអាណាព្យាបាលតែងប្រើពាក្យមិនគប្បីទៅលើកូនចៅ ឬឲ្យពួកគេឮពាក្យទាំងនោះ វាអាចនាំឲ្យពួកគេចេះប្រើពាក្យមិនគប្បីដូចគ្នា ពេលគេធំដឹងក្តី។ យ៉ាងណាវិញ រដ្ឋាភិបាលក៏ដូចគ្នាអ៊ីចឹងដែរ។ ក្រុមអ្នករិះគន់និយាយថា ប្រសិនបើប្រមុខរដ្ឋាភិបាលចូលចិត្តប្រើពាក្យមិនល្អនោះ ក្រុមមន្ត្រីថ្នាក់តូច ក៏ចូលចិត្តប្រើពាក្យទាំងនោះដែរ។
ចំណែកលោក កែម ឡី អ្នកវិភាគអំពីស្ថានការណ៍សង្គមវិញ បានវាយតម្លៃថា ក្រុមអ្នកការទូត អ្នកបច្ចេកទេស និងអ្នកនយោបាយខ្លះ ហាក់ប្រើពាក្យពេចន៍តែមួយ ឲ្យតែចំណេញនយោបាយក្នុងប្រទេស ជាជាងនយោបាយក្រៅប្រទេស។ លោកបញ្ជាក់ថា មន្ត្រីការទូតខ្មែរភាគច្រើន ខ្វះការវិភាគលើពាក្យពេចន៍ដែលត្រូវប្រើ ឬមិនត្រូវប្រើ។
លោក កែម ឡី សង្កេតឃើញថា ប្រទេសថៃកន្លងមកបានប្រើភាសាការទូតប្រកបដោយវិជ្ជាជីវៈច្រើនជាង កម្ពុជា បើទោះបីថៃស្ថិតក្នុងកាលៈទេសៈសង្គ្រាមជាមួយកម្ពុជាក៏ដោយ។ រហូតមកទល់ពេលនេះ គេនៅមិនទាន់ឃើញមានមន្ត្រីការទូតខ្មែរណាមួយ អាចឆ្លើយតបទៅនឹងការរិះគន់របស់ក្រុមអ្នកវិភាគទាំងនេះនៅឡើយ។
ប៉ុន្តែ លោក ផៃ ស៊ីផាន អ្នកនាំពាក្យនៃទីស្ដីការគណៈរដ្ឋមន្ត្រី បានទទួលស្គាល់ថា ពាក្យការទូតរបស់ខ្មែរពិតជាមានលក្ខណៈគ្រោតគ្រាតបន្តិចមែន ប៉ុន្តែកម្ពុជាក៏បានទទួលរងការប្រមាថ និងវាយប្រហារយ៉ាងខ្លាំងខុសពីការពិត។ លោកបន្តថា ប្រធានាធិបតីសហរដ្ឋអាមេរិកកន្លងមក ធ្លាប់ប្រើពាក្យមិនគប្បីជាងកម្ពុជាទៅទៀត។
លោក គុជ ចាន់លី អ្នកតាមដាននយោបាយរបស់ខ្មែរប្រចាំរដ្ឋម៉ារីឡេន (Maryland) សហរដ្ឋអាមេរិក និយាយថា ភាសារបស់អ្នកការទូត ត្រូវមានលក្ខណៈខុសគ្នាពីភាសាអ្នកនយោបាយក្នុងស្រុក។ ភាសារបស់អ្នកការទូត គឺជាភាសាដែលតំណាងឲ្យមុខមាត់របស់ប្រជាជាតិទាំងមូល រីឯភាសាអ្នកនយោបាយក្នុងស្រុក គឺជាភាសាដែលនិយាយ ដើម្បីកេងយកប្រជាប្រិយភាពរបស់ខ្លួនប៉ុណ្ណោះ៕
Thursday, 6 September 2012
Party over for Cambodia's daytime discos
- Thursday, 06 September 2012
- Mom Kunthear
- The Ministry of Tourism
has issued a nationwide directive to stop clubs and discos from
operating in daylight hours because of the huge number of social
problems associated with irregular partying hours.
During a Phnom Penh Municipal Hall meeting on Monday, Governor Kep Chuktema issued his own enforcement directive that any clubs or discos opening during the day will be immediately shut down by City Hall.
Phnom Penh Municipal Hall spokesman Long Dymang said that Chuktema was responding to the Ministry of Tourism directive on Monday when he ordered police, military police and other officials in all districts to ensure that clubs and discos open no earlier than 6pm.
“Most people who go to nightclubs or discos in the daytime are secondary and high school students, and some also are university students,” Dymang pointed out.
The venues’ practice of opening during the day caused students to cut class and encouraged general social disorder, he said.
“I don’t know which district has the most discos, but Daun Penh has many discos open during the day,” he added.
Tourism industry department director Prak Chandara confirmed yesterday that his ministry had recently issued a directive calling for the daytime closure of clubs and discos across the country.
“The directive is in the process of nationwide implementation. There are a lot of problems involved with this case,” he said, declining to comment further.
Ministry of Tourism officials told the Post in June that there were 376 karaoke parlours, 79 discos, 187 massage parlours and 97 beer gardens in the country.
Wednesday, 5 September 2012
ឱកាសបន្តការសិក្សានៅក្រៅប្រទេស
ដោយ អាន ស៊ីថាវ
2012-09-05
គុណភាពអប់រំនៅតាមសកលវិទ្យាល័យមួយចំនួននៅមានកម្រិត ភាពមានការងារធ្វើក៏មានតិចតួច រួមទាំងអាហារូបករណ៍ទៅបរទេសក៏នៅមានកម្រិតនៅប្រទេសកម្ពុជា បានបង្ខំឲ្យសិស្សានុសិស្ស ជាពិសេស ក្រុមគ្រួសារមានជីវភាពធូរធារ ចាប់យកការសិក្សានៅសកលវិទ្យាល័យឯកជននៅក្រៅប្រទេស។បច្ចុប្បន្ន មានចំនួនយុវជនជាច្រើន បានរកឱកាសសិក្សានៅក្រៅប្រទេស ដែលមានភាពប្រកួតប្រជែងខ្ពស់ ដើម្បីធានាភាពមានការងារធ្វើពេលបញ្ចប់ការសិក្សា។
អ្នកវិភាគសេដ្ឋកិច្ច បានអះអាងថា ការបង្កើតការងាររៀងរាល់ឆ្នាំមានចន្លោះពី៤ម៉ឺនទៅ៥ម៉ឺននាក់ ប៉ុន្តែ អ្នកដែលត្រូវការការងារធ្វើ ឬតម្រូវការទីផ្សារការងារវិញ មានចំនួនប្រមាណពី២០ម៉ឺនទៅ៣០ម៉ឺននាក់។ មូលហេតុនេះ ធ្វើឲ្យមានភាពគ្មានការងារធ្វើកើនឡើង ដែលជាក្ដីកង្វល់របស់យុវជន ជាពិសេស យុវជនដែលទើបចប់ថ្នាក់ទី១២ ឬមធ្យមសិក្សាទុតិយភូមិ។
ទោះជាយ៉ាងណាក៏ដោយ កត្តាសេដ្ឋកិច្ច ភាពខ្វះខាតការងារបច្ចុប្បន្ន និងភាពមិនស៊ីសង្វាក់គ្នាក្នុងទីផ្សារការងារ អាចជះឥទ្ធិពលដល់ការអប់រំនៅប្រទេសកម្ពុជា កាន់តែអន់ថយ ហើយជះឥទ្ធិពលដល់ភាពអត់ការងារកាន់តែកើនឡើងដែរ ក្នុងចំណោមយុវជនដែលពេញកម្លាំងធ្វើការ។
សិស្សានុសិស្សជាច្រើន កំពុងប្រឹងប្រែងរកឱកាសបន្តការសិក្សានៅសកលវិទ្យាល័យមួយចំនួន ទាំងក្នុង និងក្រៅប្រទេស។ យ៉ាងណាក៏ដោយ ការចាប់យកឱកាសសិក្សានៅក្រៅប្រទេស ជាកត្តាសំខាន់សម្រាប់ធានា ឬមានភាពប្រកួតប្រជែង ដែលក្រុមយុវជនភាគច្រើនបានឲ្យតម្លៃការសិក្សានៅបរទេសមានគុណភាព ល្អជាងនៅក្នុងប្រទេស។
អ្នកវិភាគវិស័យអប់រំ លោកសាស្ត្រាចារ្យ សាត ដារ៉ា មានប្រសាសន៍បង្ហាញអំពីបទពិសោធន៍ នៃការសិក្សានៅសកលវិទ្យាល័យបរទេសមួយចំនួនថា ការអប់រំនៅបរទេស តម្រូវការទីផ្សារការងារគឺបានបង្ហាញជាសាធារណៈ ឬចំពោះសកលវិទ្យាល័យ អំពីចំនួនតម្រូវការ និងការផ្គត់ផ្គង់នៅពេលបច្ចុប្បន្ន ប៉ុន្តែ នៅប្រទេសកម្ពុជា ចំនួនអ្នកដែលសិក្សាលើជំនាញគ្រប់គ្រង មានបរិមាណច្រើនជាងតម្រូវការទីផ្សារការងារ។
លោកមានប្រសាសន៍បន្តថា កត្តានេះគឺទាមទារឲ្យគ្រឹះស្ថានអប់រំ សហការគ្នាជាមួយរដ្ឋាភិបាល ក្នុងការផ្សារភ្ជាប់ទីផ្សារពលកម្ម និងទីផ្សារការងារ។ លោកអង្កេតឃើញថា ក្នុងចំណោមយុវជនដែលបញ្ចប់ពីសកលវិទ្យាល័យ មិនបានធានាថា ខ្លួនមានជំនាញពិតប្រាកដនៅឡើយ។
លោកសាស្ត្រាចារ្យ សាត ដារ៉ា៖ «នៅពេលដែលគាត់រៀនជំនាញគ្រប់គ្រង ទៅចុះ ហើយនៅស្រុកខ្មែរយើង អ្នកដែលចប់ជំនាញគ្រប់គ្រងខ្សត់ការងារជាងគេ។ ក៏ប៉ុន្តែ ពាក្យថាខ្សត់ការងារហ្នឹង គឺដោយសារតែគាត់ចេះតែគ្រប់គ្រង តែគាត់អត់ចេះធ្វើការគ្រប់គ្រង។ ខ្ញុំមានហាងមួយអ៊ីចឹង នៅពេលដែលគាត់ចូលមកធ្វើការ ខ្ញុំចង់ឲ្យគាត់ធ្វើការជំនាញគ្រប់គ្រង តែគាត់ឆ្លើយថា គាត់អត់ដឹងធ្វើម៉េចផង ព្រោះអីគាត់អត់ទាន់មានបទពិសោធន៍ ទាល់តែប្រើគាត់សិន។ ពីព្រោះអីយើងត្រូវចំណាយពេលយូរប្រើគាត់ ហើយប្រាក់បៀវត្សរបស់គាត់ចំណាយច្រើន ហើយជួនកាលគេអត់ប្រើទៀតផង»។
ទោះជាយ៉ាងណាក៏ដោយ យុវជនជាច្រើនបានបង្ហាញពីភាពជឿជាក់លើគុណភាពអប់រំនៅប្រទេសកម្ពុជា ថា នៅមានកម្រិតតិចតួចនៅឡើយ ដែលអាចទទួលបានការងារច្បាស់លាស់នៅពេលបញ្ចប់ការសិក្សា។
បញ្ហាប្រឈមដទៃទៀត នៃការជំរុញឲ្យយុវជនស្វែងរកការសិក្សានៅបរទេស មានដូចជា គុណភាពអន់នៃការអប់រំ សមត្ថភាពស្រាវជ្រាវមានកម្រិតទាបនៅថ្នាក់ឧត្ដមសិក្សា ភាពមិនស៊ីគ្នារវាងការផ្គត់ផ្គង់ និងកម្លាំងពលកម្មផលិតភាពទាប នៃកម្លាំងពលកម្ម និងកង្វះទាំងជំនាញផ្នែកបច្ចេកទេស និងខាងវិទ្យាសាស្ត្រសង្គមជាដើម។
មូលហេតុនេះ យុវជនជាច្រើនបានប្រឹងរកអាហារូបករណ៍សិក្សានៅក្រៅប្រទេស ប៉ុន្តែចំនួននេះមានតិចតួចនៅឡើយ ដែលមិនអាចស្រូបយកចំនួនសិស្សដែលមានតម្រូវការ។ ដូចច្នេះ យុវជនប្រឹងស្វែងរកការសិក្សានៅតាមសកលវិទ្យាល័យឯកជននានា នៅតំបន់អាស៊ី និងអឺរ៉ុប។
នាយកក្រុមហ៊ុនបញ្ជូនសិស្សទៅសិក្សានៅបរទេស លោក គឹម ឡាយ បានឲ្យដឹងថា រហូតដល់ពេលនេះ មានការសហការគ្នារវាងគ្រឹះស្ថានអប់រំបរទេសជាមួយក្រុមហ៊ុនក្នុង ស្រុក ក្នុងការស្វែងរកសិស្សបន្តការសិក្សានៅបរទេសដោយបង់ថ្លៃ មាននិន្នាការកើនឡើង។ ប៉ុន្តែ បរិមាណសិស្សដែលទៅសិក្សាក៏នៅមានចំនួនតិចតួចនៅឡើយ។
លោកមានប្រសាសន៍បន្តថា នៅអាស៊ីមានប្រទេសវៀតណាម និងម៉ាឡេស៊ី ដែលយុវជនកម្ពុជាជាច្រើន បន្តការសិក្សាដោយបង់ថ្លៃនៅទីនោះ។
លោក គឹម ឡាយ៖ «ម៉ាឡេស៊ី ច្រើន តម្លៃវាថោក ហើយវៀតណាម សាលាគេមកទាក់ទងយើងតែម្ដង និងសាលាស្រួលរក។ យើងមានវែបសាយ គេឃើញហើយគេថា ឲ្យបញ្ជូនមកគេមក»។
លោក គឹម ឡាយ បន្ថែមថា បើទោះជាការបង់ថ្លៃ ប៉ុន្តែយុវជនដែលមានបំណងបន្តការសិក្សា ត្រូវមានកម្រិតយល់ដឹងភាសាអង់គ្លេសទៅតាមការចង់បានរបស់ គ្រឹះស្ថានអប់រំណាមួយនោះ ដោយលោកបញ្ជាក់ទៀតថា ការបន្តការសិក្សានៅបរទេសដោយបង់ថ្លៃ មានយុវជនជាច្រើនបានដាក់ពាក្យស្នើសុំដោយខ្លួនផ្ទាល់ ព្រោះថាយុវជនទាំងនោះមានការយល់ដឹងខ្ពស់អំពីបែបបទ នៃការដាក់ស្នើសុំទាំងនោះ ដែលតាមការប៉ាន់ស្មានមានប្រមាណជាង៤០%។
លោក គឹម ឡាយ៖ «សិស្សឥឡូវ គេយល់ដឹងច្រើន ទីមួយ គេដឹងតាមឯកសារ តាមស្ថានទូត ហើយគ្រួសារគេមានលទ្ធភាពទៅ គេដាក់ពាក្យដោយខ្លួនគេ ប្រហែលជា៤០% ហើយគេពឹងការិយាល័យនោះ៦០%»។
លោកបន្ថែមទៀតថា តម្លៃការសិក្សានៅថ្នាក់ឧត្ដមសិក្សានៅប្រទេសសិង្ហបុរី មានចំនួនជាមធ្យម ១ម៉ឺន៧ពាន់ដុល្លារ ក្នុងមួយឆ្នាំ និងការសិក្សានៅប្រទេសម៉ាឡេស៊ី មានចន្លោះពី៣ពាន់ទៅ៤ពាន់ដុល្លារអាមេរិក ក្នុងមួយឆ្នាំ។
ទោះជាយ៉ាងណាក៏ដោយ យុវជនអាចស្វែងយល់អំពីការសុំសំណុំបែបបទនៃការចូលរៀននៅ សកលវិទ្យាល័យបរទេសមួយចំនួន និងអំពីលក្ខខ័ណ្ឌទាំងឡាយដែលតម្រូវឲ្យបេក្ខជនត្រូវបំពេញតាមរយៈ គេហទំព័ររបស់សកលវិទ្យាល័យនោះដោយផ្ទាល់ផងដែរ៕
Tuesday, 4 September 2012
Sunday, 2 September 2012
The world is running out of water
02 September 2012 Issue No:237
Humans may have to switch almost completely to a vegetarian diet over the next 40 years to avoid catastrophic shortages of water, according to a report by the Stockholm International Water Institute.
''There will not be enough water available on current croplands to produce food for the expected nine billion population in 2050 if we follow current trends and changes towards diets common in Western nations,'' the report says.
Prepared by Malin Falkenmark and colleagues at the institute, the report says there will be just enough water if the proportion of animal-based foods is limited to 5% of total calories. It says considerable regional water deficits could be met by a reliable system of food trade between countries with surpluses and deficits.
The report says adopting a vegetarian diet is one option to increase the amount of water available to grow more food in a climate-erratic world. Animal protein-rich food consumes five to 10 times more water than a vegetarian diet, yet a third of the world's arable land is used to grow crops to feed animals.
''Nine hundred million people already go hungry and 2 billion people are malnourished in spite of the fact that per capita food production continues to increase. With 70% of all available water being in agriculture, growing more food to feed an additional 2 billion people by 2050 will place greater pressure on available water and land.''
The report was released to coincide with the start of the annual world water conference in Stockholm, where 2,500 politicians, UN bodies, non-governmental organisations and researchers from 120 countries were meeting to tackle water supply problems.
Competition for water between food production and other uses will intensify pressure on essential resources, the institute report states. ''The UN predicts that we must increase food production by 70% by mid-century. This will place additional pressure on our already stressed water resources.''
The institute also notes that research into water is growing faster than the average 4% annual growth rate for all research disciplines. In a report, The Water and Food Nexus: Trends and development of the research landscape, institute staff analysed the major trends in water- and food-related article output at international, national and institutional levels.
Global publisher Elsevier and the institute collaborated in preparing the report, which is based on the analysis of Scopus citation data by Elsevier’s SciVal Analytics team. It says the growing discrepancy between supply and demand for water is becoming more challenging each year but developments in water research have the potential to help solve the issue.
The report examines the dynamics of global water research between 2007 and 2011, focusing on two strands of research: water resources research, referring to natural and social science studies on water use, and food and water research focusing on the study of water consumption and recycling to produce food.
Water research has expanded rapidly, with both strands growing above the 4% average for all other disciplines. Water resources research is growing at a rate of 9.2% per year while research into food and water is growing by 4.7% each year.
Research is also becoming more collaborative and interdisciplinary, with a dramatic rise in publications from the fields of computer science and mathematics in water resource research; research from fields within the social sciences have become the fastest growing fields in the food and water research strand, the report states.
Research output is the highest in the United States in both water resources and food and water research, but growth between 2007 and 2011 was low.
On the other hand, China is experiencing ongoing growth in water research output and, if its trajectory continues, it could be the leading producer of water research within the next few years. Other countries experiencing high growth rates in both water resources and food and water research include Malaysia and Iran.
Humans may have to switch almost completely to a vegetarian diet over the next 40 years to avoid catastrophic shortages of water, according to a report by the Stockholm International Water Institute.
''There will not be enough water available on current croplands to produce food for the expected nine billion population in 2050 if we follow current trends and changes towards diets common in Western nations,'' the report says.
Prepared by Malin Falkenmark and colleagues at the institute, the report says there will be just enough water if the proportion of animal-based foods is limited to 5% of total calories. It says considerable regional water deficits could be met by a reliable system of food trade between countries with surpluses and deficits.
The report says adopting a vegetarian diet is one option to increase the amount of water available to grow more food in a climate-erratic world. Animal protein-rich food consumes five to 10 times more water than a vegetarian diet, yet a third of the world's arable land is used to grow crops to feed animals.
''Nine hundred million people already go hungry and 2 billion people are malnourished in spite of the fact that per capita food production continues to increase. With 70% of all available water being in agriculture, growing more food to feed an additional 2 billion people by 2050 will place greater pressure on available water and land.''
The report was released to coincide with the start of the annual world water conference in Stockholm, where 2,500 politicians, UN bodies, non-governmental organisations and researchers from 120 countries were meeting to tackle water supply problems.
Competition for water between food production and other uses will intensify pressure on essential resources, the institute report states. ''The UN predicts that we must increase food production by 70% by mid-century. This will place additional pressure on our already stressed water resources.''
The institute also notes that research into water is growing faster than the average 4% annual growth rate for all research disciplines. In a report, The Water and Food Nexus: Trends and development of the research landscape, institute staff analysed the major trends in water- and food-related article output at international, national and institutional levels.
Global publisher Elsevier and the institute collaborated in preparing the report, which is based on the analysis of Scopus citation data by Elsevier’s SciVal Analytics team. It says the growing discrepancy between supply and demand for water is becoming more challenging each year but developments in water research have the potential to help solve the issue.
The report examines the dynamics of global water research between 2007 and 2011, focusing on two strands of research: water resources research, referring to natural and social science studies on water use, and food and water research focusing on the study of water consumption and recycling to produce food.
Water research has expanded rapidly, with both strands growing above the 4% average for all other disciplines. Water resources research is growing at a rate of 9.2% per year while research into food and water is growing by 4.7% each year.
Research is also becoming more collaborative and interdisciplinary, with a dramatic rise in publications from the fields of computer science and mathematics in water resource research; research from fields within the social sciences have become the fastest growing fields in the food and water research strand, the report states.
Research output is the highest in the United States in both water resources and food and water research, but growth between 2007 and 2011 was low.
On the other hand, China is experiencing ongoing growth in water research output and, if its trajectory continues, it could be the leading producer of water research within the next few years. Other countries experiencing high growth rates in both water resources and food and water research include Malaysia and Iran.
Increasing internationalisation in PhD education
Jan Petter Myklebust and Jacquie Withers02 September 2012 Issue No:237
A recent survey suggests that Norway boost its efforts to
internationalise PhD education and includes the recommendation that for
PhD dissertation evaluation, at least one member of the three-member
committee should be drawn from outside Norway.
A June report, PhD Education in a Knowledge Society: An evaluation of PhD education in Norway, maintains that Norway’s PhD education system is of a high quality, being well funded and well organised and offering “very good working and learning conditions for PhD candidates, as well as good career prospects”.
The report was published by the Nordic Institute for Studies in Innovation, Research and Education (NIFU) and commissioned by the Research Council of Norway on behalf of the Ministry of Education and Research.
It argues that since the previous similar evaluation in 2002, “Norway has taken a definitive step towards becoming a standardised PhD education system with a strong focus on monitoring quality and efficiency”.
Among the report’s key recommendations is “improving practices in international recruitment at the PhD level, and finding ways of reducing the administrative burden of international recruitment of PhD candidates”.
The report continues: “Norway needs to be thinking more broadly about how the internationalisation of PhD education is occurring and how it should be promoted – with a focus that goes beyond concerns for outward mobility and longer stays abroad.”
More foreign input into PhD evaluation
At the same time, the country is pushing to include more foreign academics on its PhD evaluation committees.
The NIFU report details how the researchers sent out a survey questionnaire to the members of PhD evaluation committees who are from outside Norway. The objective was to map how highly these ‘external members’ judge the quality of the country’s PhDs.
In the survey, which had a response rate of 79%, members were asked their opinion of the quality of PhD dissertations recently assessed.
Those surveyed were asked to rate quality in terms of a number of different factors: originality; depth and coverage; theoretical level; methodological level and skills in written presentation; contribution to the advancement of the field; and external (applied, societal, cultural or industrial) relevance. There were five response options, ranging from 'excellent' to 'poor'.
Overall, 20% of the respondents rated the survey elements ‘excellent’, with a further 40% rating them ‘very good’ and 25% to 60% evaluating them as ‘good’.
The quality aspect that was ranked highest was skills in written presentation, as either ‘excellent’ or ‘very good’ by two-third of the evaluators, followed by depth and coverage listed by 65% and originality by 60% in the excellent-very good category.
When broken down according to PhD dissertation evaluators from different regions, interesting patterns emerged from the survey responses: North American evaluators gave the Norwegian PhD theses better ratings than their European colleagues, who in turn were more positive in their responses than members from the other Nordic countries.
On how the thesis evaluated contributed to the advancement of the field, 48% of the Nordic evaluators said ‘excellent’ or ‘very good’, compared to 64% of those coming from the rest of Europe and 68% of those from North America.
When broken down according to academic field, PhD dissertations in the natural sciences and the humanities got the strongest ratings, while those in the social sciences, and agriculture or veterinary medicine, were ranked beyond average. Theses in engineering or technology and medicine or health received very high scores among the North American examiners.
The majority of the survey respondents said the assessment procedures were rigorous and fair to the candidate, but also more time-consuming than in other countries. In Norway a joint examiners’ evaluation report is required before the doctoral defence, which is not the case in most other countries.
Need for internationalisation in PhD education
In arguing the need for internationalisation in PhD education to be reconsidered, the NIFU report points out that “the world of science and academic labour markets are increasingly global”.
The report states that in Norway currently about 33% of PhD graduates are not Norwegian citizens, and in the areas of natural sciences and technology 73% of PhD programme units report having a majority of international PhD applicants, reflecting “increased opportunities for internationalisation in PhD education”.
The report concurs that the increasing international recruitment that is being seen in Norway at the PhD level is positive “but poses short and long term challenges for the higher education institutions”.
The report specifies: “Recruitment procedures and quality control of PhD applicants is important, as is the integration of international PhD candidates and finding efficient ways to promote international experiences for all Norwegian PhD candidates.”
One of the concerns raised by the NIFU report is the issue of “critical time” for the research training part of the PhD, and “the risk that too many and too diverse a set of demands are being placed on the PhD period, in a way that has negative long-term consequences for the development of science”.
The report concludes in this regard that: “Better integration between the master and PhD levels and further training in the post-doc period are international trends which might help to address such challenges in Norwegian PhD training.”
A June report, PhD Education in a Knowledge Society: An evaluation of PhD education in Norway, maintains that Norway’s PhD education system is of a high quality, being well funded and well organised and offering “very good working and learning conditions for PhD candidates, as well as good career prospects”.
The report was published by the Nordic Institute for Studies in Innovation, Research and Education (NIFU) and commissioned by the Research Council of Norway on behalf of the Ministry of Education and Research.
It argues that since the previous similar evaluation in 2002, “Norway has taken a definitive step towards becoming a standardised PhD education system with a strong focus on monitoring quality and efficiency”.
Among the report’s key recommendations is “improving practices in international recruitment at the PhD level, and finding ways of reducing the administrative burden of international recruitment of PhD candidates”.
The report continues: “Norway needs to be thinking more broadly about how the internationalisation of PhD education is occurring and how it should be promoted – with a focus that goes beyond concerns for outward mobility and longer stays abroad.”
More foreign input into PhD evaluation
At the same time, the country is pushing to include more foreign academics on its PhD evaluation committees.
The NIFU report details how the researchers sent out a survey questionnaire to the members of PhD evaluation committees who are from outside Norway. The objective was to map how highly these ‘external members’ judge the quality of the country’s PhDs.
In the survey, which had a response rate of 79%, members were asked their opinion of the quality of PhD dissertations recently assessed.
Those surveyed were asked to rate quality in terms of a number of different factors: originality; depth and coverage; theoretical level; methodological level and skills in written presentation; contribution to the advancement of the field; and external (applied, societal, cultural or industrial) relevance. There were five response options, ranging from 'excellent' to 'poor'.
Overall, 20% of the respondents rated the survey elements ‘excellent’, with a further 40% rating them ‘very good’ and 25% to 60% evaluating them as ‘good’.
The quality aspect that was ranked highest was skills in written presentation, as either ‘excellent’ or ‘very good’ by two-third of the evaluators, followed by depth and coverage listed by 65% and originality by 60% in the excellent-very good category.
When broken down according to PhD dissertation evaluators from different regions, interesting patterns emerged from the survey responses: North American evaluators gave the Norwegian PhD theses better ratings than their European colleagues, who in turn were more positive in their responses than members from the other Nordic countries.
On how the thesis evaluated contributed to the advancement of the field, 48% of the Nordic evaluators said ‘excellent’ or ‘very good’, compared to 64% of those coming from the rest of Europe and 68% of those from North America.
When broken down according to academic field, PhD dissertations in the natural sciences and the humanities got the strongest ratings, while those in the social sciences, and agriculture or veterinary medicine, were ranked beyond average. Theses in engineering or technology and medicine or health received very high scores among the North American examiners.
The majority of the survey respondents said the assessment procedures were rigorous and fair to the candidate, but also more time-consuming than in other countries. In Norway a joint examiners’ evaluation report is required before the doctoral defence, which is not the case in most other countries.
Need for internationalisation in PhD education
In arguing the need for internationalisation in PhD education to be reconsidered, the NIFU report points out that “the world of science and academic labour markets are increasingly global”.
The report states that in Norway currently about 33% of PhD graduates are not Norwegian citizens, and in the areas of natural sciences and technology 73% of PhD programme units report having a majority of international PhD applicants, reflecting “increased opportunities for internationalisation in PhD education”.
The report concurs that the increasing international recruitment that is being seen in Norway at the PhD level is positive “but poses short and long term challenges for the higher education institutions”.
The report specifies: “Recruitment procedures and quality control of PhD applicants is important, as is the integration of international PhD candidates and finding efficient ways to promote international experiences for all Norwegian PhD candidates.”
One of the concerns raised by the NIFU report is the issue of “critical time” for the research training part of the PhD, and “the risk that too many and too diverse a set of demands are being placed on the PhD period, in a way that has negative long-term consequences for the development of science”.
The report concludes in this regard that: “Better integration between the master and PhD levels and further training in the post-doc period are international trends which might help to address such challenges in Norwegian PhD training.”
Higher education participation rate to rise to 40% by 2020 – PM (SINGAPORE)
Adele Yung28 August 2012 Issue No:237
Singapore’s Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong has announced that the
proportion of young people attending higher education will rise to 40%
by 2020 compared to 27% now, with two new publicly backed universities
planned for the city-state.
Education is “Singapore’s most important long-term investment in its people and it is a key response to the changing world”, Lee said during his annual National Day Rally policy speech, delivered at the Singapore Institute of Technology (SIT) on 26 August.
Lee said that SIT and the Singapore Institute of Management University (UniSIM) would be upgraded to become Singapore’s fifth and sixth universities, offering applied as well as part-time degrees.
This would open up an additional 3,000 full-time university places, offering 16,000 university places by 2020 against the current 13,000.
The Ministry of Education, in a statement on 28 August, described the expansion as “carefully calibrated”.
The figures include planned increases in enrolment at Singapore’s main existing universities, including the National University of Singapore in collaboration with Yale University in the US; Nanyang Technological University; Singapore Management University; the new Singapore University of Technology and Design in collaboration with Massachusetts Institute of Technology; and two arts education institutions.
Panel review of university education
The prime minister’s announcement comes a year after he initiated a wide ranging review of university education, to investigate how to increase the number of university places available for Singaporeans.
Lee said the review panel led by Senior Minister of State for Education Lawrence Wong “concluded that we should create more university places”, but that “we should focus on applied practice-oriented degrees, for example, engineers, physiotherapists, social workers – skills that are in demand and which will help get graduates jobs, and we should not just churn out graduates regardless of the quality or employment opportunities”.
Pointing to some other countries, including Britain, the United States and China, with unemployment or underemployment of graduates, he added: "Singapore must avoid leading people up the wrong path, misleading them that if you spend three years of your life doing this, at the end you will have a happy outcome.”
"We must make sure that if we encourage people to go that way, that at the end the prospects are good."
UniSIM, a private college that is part of the Singapore Institute of Management, currently offers only part-time programmes but will add full-time programmes.
Meanwhile, part-time undergraduate students, including working adults at UniSIM, could become eligible for government grants and loans to enable them to “get the same support” as students at the National University of Singapore and Nanyang Technological University, Lee said – although UniSIM would remain a private university.
Providing more details, the Ministry of Education said UniSIM had a strong track record in providing part-time degree programmes in close collaboration with industry, and provided “a good balance of theoretical and real-world education”.
The review panel noted in its final report published this month: “UniSIM remains the only private institution to date that the Ministry of Education has assessed as being of sufficient quality to be accorded university status and degree-awarding powers.”
SIT, a multi-campus institution designed to allow polytechnic students to upgrade their qualifications, would begin to award its own degrees, the ministry said.
Instructive experience of other countries
The decision to increase university enrolment without expanding Singapore’s research-intensive universities further, or opening new research universities, was based on an examination by the review panel of higher education in the UK, Hong Kong, Germany, France, Canada and Finland.
The panel said problems with the UK university system had been “particularly instructive”.
In 1992 the UK government granted university status to polytechnics, which had been mainly teaching institutions
“This proved to be a double loss for the wider higher education sector – the vast majority of these post-1992 new universities still struggle with their new mission and are unable to rise in quality and standing; and the UK tertiary system is now devoid of a tier of institutions that was previously instrumental in producing a technically skilled workforce,” the panel said.
“Therefore, it would be prudent for us to avoid this path while there are other more viable options.”
Singapore also has around 70 registered private higher education institutions offering external degree programmes of overseas university partners. They enrolled some 47,500 Singaporean students full-time and part-time in 2011.
Education is “Singapore’s most important long-term investment in its people and it is a key response to the changing world”, Lee said during his annual National Day Rally policy speech, delivered at the Singapore Institute of Technology (SIT) on 26 August.
Lee said that SIT and the Singapore Institute of Management University (UniSIM) would be upgraded to become Singapore’s fifth and sixth universities, offering applied as well as part-time degrees.
This would open up an additional 3,000 full-time university places, offering 16,000 university places by 2020 against the current 13,000.
The Ministry of Education, in a statement on 28 August, described the expansion as “carefully calibrated”.
The figures include planned increases in enrolment at Singapore’s main existing universities, including the National University of Singapore in collaboration with Yale University in the US; Nanyang Technological University; Singapore Management University; the new Singapore University of Technology and Design in collaboration with Massachusetts Institute of Technology; and two arts education institutions.
Panel review of university education
The prime minister’s announcement comes a year after he initiated a wide ranging review of university education, to investigate how to increase the number of university places available for Singaporeans.
Lee said the review panel led by Senior Minister of State for Education Lawrence Wong “concluded that we should create more university places”, but that “we should focus on applied practice-oriented degrees, for example, engineers, physiotherapists, social workers – skills that are in demand and which will help get graduates jobs, and we should not just churn out graduates regardless of the quality or employment opportunities”.
Pointing to some other countries, including Britain, the United States and China, with unemployment or underemployment of graduates, he added: "Singapore must avoid leading people up the wrong path, misleading them that if you spend three years of your life doing this, at the end you will have a happy outcome.”
"We must make sure that if we encourage people to go that way, that at the end the prospects are good."
UniSIM, a private college that is part of the Singapore Institute of Management, currently offers only part-time programmes but will add full-time programmes.
Meanwhile, part-time undergraduate students, including working adults at UniSIM, could become eligible for government grants and loans to enable them to “get the same support” as students at the National University of Singapore and Nanyang Technological University, Lee said – although UniSIM would remain a private university.
Providing more details, the Ministry of Education said UniSIM had a strong track record in providing part-time degree programmes in close collaboration with industry, and provided “a good balance of theoretical and real-world education”.
The review panel noted in its final report published this month: “UniSIM remains the only private institution to date that the Ministry of Education has assessed as being of sufficient quality to be accorded university status and degree-awarding powers.”
SIT, a multi-campus institution designed to allow polytechnic students to upgrade their qualifications, would begin to award its own degrees, the ministry said.
Instructive experience of other countries
The decision to increase university enrolment without expanding Singapore’s research-intensive universities further, or opening new research universities, was based on an examination by the review panel of higher education in the UK, Hong Kong, Germany, France, Canada and Finland.
The panel said problems with the UK university system had been “particularly instructive”.
In 1992 the UK government granted university status to polytechnics, which had been mainly teaching institutions
“This proved to be a double loss for the wider higher education sector – the vast majority of these post-1992 new universities still struggle with their new mission and are unable to rise in quality and standing; and the UK tertiary system is now devoid of a tier of institutions that was previously instrumental in producing a technically skilled workforce,” the panel said.
“Therefore, it would be prudent for us to avoid this path while there are other more viable options.”
Singapore also has around 70 registered private higher education institutions offering external degree programmes of overseas university partners. They enrolled some 47,500 Singaporean students full-time and part-time in 2011.
Call for improved access to HE in the Commonwealth
Maina Waruru02 September 2012 Issue No:237
The 18th Conference of Commonwealth Education Ministers held in
Mauritius last week saw the launch of a pan-Commonwealth student body
and a call for governments to tackle lack of access to higher education,
which is entrenching inequalities in society.
Students from around the 54-country Commonwealth formed the Pan-Commonwealth Students Association following a four-day Youth Forum alongside the ministers’ conference, or 18CCEM, which was held from 27-30 August on the Indian Ocean island.
The theme of the ministers’ gathering was “Education in the Commonwealth: Bridging the gap as we accelerate towards internationally agreed goals”.
Among four meetings held parallel to 18CCEM was the Post-secondary and Higher Education Leaders' Forum convened by the 500-member Association of Commonwealth Universities, or ACU, in partnership with the Mauritius government and the University of Mauritius.
It called on post-secondary education to “feature prominently in any international development objectives established to succeed the Millennium Development Goals”. Education ministers agreed to set up a working group to advise on new goals to follow the MDGs after 2015.
According to a statement, ACU Deputy Secretary General Dr John Kirkland told the ministers that including post-secondary education in post-MDG goals was a “natural step in the process that was started 15 years ago.
“It would be a tragedy if governments, after setting out to improve access for all at primary level, then decided that their aspirations for disadvantaged groups only extended to the ages of seven or 11.”
Noting that many Commonwealth countries had made huge strides in ensuring access to primary and secondary education, the ACU forum agreed that the translation rate to higher education remained low. Some countries cited lack of funds and facilities as major obstacles.
In some countries, post-secondary systems were stretched far beyond capacity despite efforts made by institutions to expand. Growing further would require governments to invest more in the sector.
Nigeria was cited as an example, where despite massive expansion of facilities, only one in five of some 1.5 million qualified applications secures a place in higher education each year.
What message would it convey to the generation of children who have entered formal education, that after school “we are happy to tolerate exclusion?” asked Dorothy Garland, director of professional networks at the the ACU.
The forum, attended by 130 delegates from 25 Commonwealth countries, asked member states to adopt targets for increased participation in post-secondary education and to table a progress report at the next ministers' meeting for debate.
“Member governments should actively identify priority groups, and publish strategies to increase participation, where necessary providing institutions with the appropriate resources – both financial and human – to enhance access,” said Garland.
One way to achieve increased participation, the forum pointed out, was to diversity from traditional learning methods and expand open and distance education as part of a “blended portfolio of opportunities, which students can match to their own skill and employment needs,” said the ACU statement.
At the same time, quality must not be compromised and career guidance and efforts to produce employable graduates must be enhanced.
The ACU also called for “designated funds to develop staff working in the sector, and more progress towards access for excluded groups.
“Recognising that governments alone cannot meet expanding demand for post-secondary education, delegates proposed a range of approaches, including working more collaboratively with the private sector,” said the ACU statement.
The Pan-Commonwealth Student Associations' aim is to enable student leaders from across the Commonwealth to shape post-secondary education thinking and decisions. Its launch was the culmination of years of consultation following a decision to form a student body taken at the previous Youth Forum in Malaysia in 2009.
Student participation in shaping higher education in member countries ranked high on the 18CCEM agenda.
Commonwealth Deputy Secretary General Mmasekgoa Masire-Mwamba said an organised youth voice would facilitate student access to deliberations and policy outcomes in education.
“We in the Commonwealth are taking bold steps to embrace the vast potential in our young people. We have sought to listen to them and are working together to implement the priorities they have emphasised.”
A steering committee of student representatives from all four Commonwealth regions was elected last week and will take forward a mandate to set the association agenda.
The chair is Stanley Njoroge from Kenya, who saluted his fellow students for their hard work in making the Pan-Commonwealth Students Association a reality. “You have made your flags proud,” he said.
Students from around the 54-country Commonwealth formed the Pan-Commonwealth Students Association following a four-day Youth Forum alongside the ministers’ conference, or 18CCEM, which was held from 27-30 August on the Indian Ocean island.
The theme of the ministers’ gathering was “Education in the Commonwealth: Bridging the gap as we accelerate towards internationally agreed goals”.
Among four meetings held parallel to 18CCEM was the Post-secondary and Higher Education Leaders' Forum convened by the 500-member Association of Commonwealth Universities, or ACU, in partnership with the Mauritius government and the University of Mauritius.
It called on post-secondary education to “feature prominently in any international development objectives established to succeed the Millennium Development Goals”. Education ministers agreed to set up a working group to advise on new goals to follow the MDGs after 2015.
According to a statement, ACU Deputy Secretary General Dr John Kirkland told the ministers that including post-secondary education in post-MDG goals was a “natural step in the process that was started 15 years ago.
“It would be a tragedy if governments, after setting out to improve access for all at primary level, then decided that their aspirations for disadvantaged groups only extended to the ages of seven or 11.”
Noting that many Commonwealth countries had made huge strides in ensuring access to primary and secondary education, the ACU forum agreed that the translation rate to higher education remained low. Some countries cited lack of funds and facilities as major obstacles.
In some countries, post-secondary systems were stretched far beyond capacity despite efforts made by institutions to expand. Growing further would require governments to invest more in the sector.
Nigeria was cited as an example, where despite massive expansion of facilities, only one in five of some 1.5 million qualified applications secures a place in higher education each year.
What message would it convey to the generation of children who have entered formal education, that after school “we are happy to tolerate exclusion?” asked Dorothy Garland, director of professional networks at the the ACU.
The forum, attended by 130 delegates from 25 Commonwealth countries, asked member states to adopt targets for increased participation in post-secondary education and to table a progress report at the next ministers' meeting for debate.
“Member governments should actively identify priority groups, and publish strategies to increase participation, where necessary providing institutions with the appropriate resources – both financial and human – to enhance access,” said Garland.
One way to achieve increased participation, the forum pointed out, was to diversity from traditional learning methods and expand open and distance education as part of a “blended portfolio of opportunities, which students can match to their own skill and employment needs,” said the ACU statement.
At the same time, quality must not be compromised and career guidance and efforts to produce employable graduates must be enhanced.
The ACU also called for “designated funds to develop staff working in the sector, and more progress towards access for excluded groups.
“Recognising that governments alone cannot meet expanding demand for post-secondary education, delegates proposed a range of approaches, including working more collaboratively with the private sector,” said the ACU statement.
The Pan-Commonwealth Student Associations' aim is to enable student leaders from across the Commonwealth to shape post-secondary education thinking and decisions. Its launch was the culmination of years of consultation following a decision to form a student body taken at the previous Youth Forum in Malaysia in 2009.
Student participation in shaping higher education in member countries ranked high on the 18CCEM agenda.
Commonwealth Deputy Secretary General Mmasekgoa Masire-Mwamba said an organised youth voice would facilitate student access to deliberations and policy outcomes in education.
“We in the Commonwealth are taking bold steps to embrace the vast potential in our young people. We have sought to listen to them and are working together to implement the priorities they have emphasised.”
A steering committee of student representatives from all four Commonwealth regions was elected last week and will take forward a mandate to set the association agenda.
The chair is Stanley Njoroge from Kenya, who saluted his fellow students for their hard work in making the Pan-Commonwealth Students Association a reality. “You have made your flags proud,” he said.
Yale President Richard Levin to step down
Bloomberg02 September 2012 Issue No:237
Yale University President Richard C Levin, the longest-serving leader in
the Ivy League, said he will retire at the end of the current academic
year, writes Janet Lorin for Bloomberg.
An economist, Levin has been a member of Yale’s faculty since he received his PhD at the New Haven, Connecticut, university in 1974. Levin (65) became president in 1993. He helped make Yale’s endowment – valued at $19.4 billion in June 2011 – the second largest in higher education, behind Harvard University.
After completing a fundraising campaign, beginning construction on a new business school building, establishing a campus in Singapore and other endeavours, the timing was a “natural juncture”, Levin said in an interview last week. Decisions about the next slate of buildings, at a cost of about $1 billion, should be made by the next president, he said.
An economist, Levin has been a member of Yale’s faculty since he received his PhD at the New Haven, Connecticut, university in 1974. Levin (65) became president in 1993. He helped make Yale’s endowment – valued at $19.4 billion in June 2011 – the second largest in higher education, behind Harvard University.
After completing a fundraising campaign, beginning construction on a new business school building, establishing a campus in Singapore and other endeavours, the timing was a “natural juncture”, Levin said in an interview last week. Decisions about the next slate of buildings, at a cost of about $1 billion, should be made by the next president, he said.
Harvard University probes plagiarism outbreak involving 125 students
Half the students in Ivy League college's Introduction to Congress class may have copied each other's final exams
To be caught cheating at Harvard is bad enough. The august university prides itself on incubating America's elite in the world of law, business and politics.
But now it has been revealed that scores of Harvard students are suspected of cheating on a single class. And the course's title? An Introduction to Congress.
Though that will likely fail to surprise the many cynical observers of American politics, it has certainly stunned college officials. Harvard has immediately launched an investigation.
"These allegations, if proven represent totally unacceptable behaviour that betrays the trust upon which intellectual inquiry at Harvard depends," said Harvard president Drew Faust in a statement.
After the allegations first became public the college refused to reveal the exact nature of the course in question. But the student newspaper, the Harvard Crimson, broke the story of the politics link and immediately sent a ripple of shock, mixed with humour, around the blogosphere.
"That's funny on so many levels," tweeted Andreas Goeldi, who works for an online video marketing firm in Cambridge, Massachusetts, where Harvard is located.
The Crimson said the politics course in question was taught during the spring by Professor Matthew Platt. After similarities were noticed in up to 20 student exam papers by an examiner the matter was brought to the attention of the administrative board and an investigation was launched.
That probe has now found some 125 of the course's final papers were suspicious and has begun contacting students involved.
Possible punishments range from being suspended for a year to an official warning. The class was taken by only 250 students meaning a staggering half are now suspected of cheating.
The newspaper quoted an email sent to students taking the exam that said it was "completely open book, open note, open internet, etc.." but warned them not to discuss it with each other and to treat it as an "in-class" exam.
The Associated Press reported that Harvard had now launched a committee on academic integrity to be headed by Jay Harris, the university's dean of undergraduate education. The panel may even consider bringing in an "honour code" for academic honesty.
"We believe in due process for students and fairness. Everyone wants it done yesterday, but we have to be patient. It's going to take as long as it takes," Harris told the news agency.
The rise of the internet, and the ubiquity of laptops among a student body, has led to many complaints that it is now too easy for students to take exam answers and course work from the world wide web.
However, the Boston Globe said that it appeared the Harvard students in question had not taken material from outside sources but appeared to have copied parts of the answers from each other. If the scandal is proved true it will doubtless be the largest cheating ring to have hit an elite Ivy League college in recent memory.
យុវជនដែលប្រឡងជាប់បាក់ឌុបព្រួយបារម្ភអំពីការសិក្សានៅមហាវិទ្យាល័យ
លទ្ធផលប្រឡងបាក់ឌុបដែលទើបតែត្រូវ បានក្រសួងអប់រំប្រកាសថ្មីៗបានធ្វើឲ្យយុវជនជាច្រើនដែលប្រឡង ជាប់សប្បាយចិត្ត។ ប៉ុន្តែក្នុងខណៈដែលពួកគេត្រៀមខ្លួនចូលមហាវិទ្យាល័យនៅចុងឆ្នាំ នេះ សិស្សដែលទើបតែទទួលបានសញ្ញាបត្របាក់ឌុបថ្មីៗ មានការព្រួយបារម្ភអំពីការជ្រើសរើសជំនាញរបស់ខ្លួន ពីព្រោះតែពួកគេមិនដឹងថា ខ្លួនឯងពូកែអ្វី ហើយត្រួវជ្រើសរើសមុខវិជ្ជាអ្វីយកមកសិក្សាបន្តនៅមហាវិទ្យាល័យ នោះទេ។
សិស្សមួយចំនួនសម្រេចចិត្តទៅតាមក្តីប្រាថ្នារបស់ឪពុកម្តាយដែល
មិនដឹងពីសមត្ថភាពរបស់កូននេះ
ជាហេតុនាំឲ្យពួកគេអាចបោះបង់ចោលការសិក្សា។ដោយឡែក
សិស្សមួយចំនួនទៀតបានសម្រេចចិត្តទៅតាមតម្រូវការនៃទីផ្សារដោយមិន
មើលពីសមត្ថភាពរបស់ខ្លួនទេ នេះជា
ហេតុផលមួយទៀតនាំអោយពួកគេមិនបានទទួលជោគជ័យនៅក្នុងជីវិត។
នេះជាអ្វីដែលបាននិងកំពុងកើតមាននៅកម្ពុជា។
ការជ្រើសរើសបន្តការសិក្សានៅកម្រិតឧត្តមសិក្សាមុខវិជ្ជាដែលសិស្ស
រៀន ភាគច្រើននោះ គឺធនាគារ ហិរញ្ញវត្ថុ គណេនយ្យ ទីផ្សារ
ភាសាអង់គ្លេស គ្រប់គ្រង និងច្បាប់។
ការកង្វះខាតនូវពត៌មាននៃការសិក្សានៅកម្រិតឧត្តមសិក្សារបស់សិស្ស
ធ្វើឲ្យពួកគាត់ជ្រើសរើសមុខវិជ្ជាដែលមិនសមបំណងរបស់ខ្លួន។
សិស្សខ្លះ ជ្រើសរើសទៅតាមការអូសទាញរបស់មិត្តភ័ក្តិ
ហើយខ្លះទៀតតាមឪពុកម្តាយរបស់ពួកគេ។
លោកបណ្ឌិត សុខ ទូច
សាកលវិទ្យាធិការនៃសាកលវិទ្យាល័យខេមរៈមានប្រសាសន៍ថា
សិស្សដែលបញ្ចប់បាក់ឌុបមិនបានជ្រើសរើសមុខវិជ្ជាដែលខ្លួនស្រឡាញ់
និងពេញចិត្តនោះទេ។ ភាគច្រើន
ពួកគេជ្រើសរើសទៅតាមតែទីផ្សារការងារសព្វថៃ្ង
តាមអ្នកដែលផ្តល់លុយអោយ និងតាមរយៈមិត្តភ័ក្តិ។ លោកថា
ពួកគេនឹងប្រឈមមុខជាមួយនឹងកង្វះការងារធើ្វ
និងធ្វើការងារមិនត្រូវតាមមុខជំនាញរបស់ខ្លួននាពេលអនាគត។
ការជ្រើសរើសមុខវិជ្ជាខុសក្នុងការបន្តការសិក្សានៅកម្រិតឧត្តម
សិក្សាពិតជាមានផលប៉ះពាល់ យ៉ាងខ្លាំងដល់សង្គមដូចជា
ភាពគ្មានការងារធើ្វការ តាមមិនទាន់នៃបច្ចេកវិទ្យានៅពេល
បច្ចុប្បន្ន អនាគត
និងការប្រឈមចំពោះទីផ្សារសេរីនៃអាស៊ានឆ្នាំ២០១៥ ។
យ៉ាងណាក៏ដោយ ក្រសួងអប់រំក៏បានចាប់អារម្មណ៍លើបញ្ហានេះដែរ។
លោក សំ សេរីរត្ន័
អគ្គនាយកដ្ឋានអប់រំនៃក្រសួងអប់រំមានប្រសាសន៍ថា
ក្រសួងអប់រំបានណែនាំទៅដល់សិស្សទាំងអស់អំពីមុខវិជ្ជានីមួយៗដែល
ពួកគេត្រូវជ្រើសរើសរួចហើយ ប៉ុន្តែ
ការសម្រេចចិត្តយ៉ាងណានោះវាអាស្រ័យទៅលើសិស្សទាំងអស់នោះ
ថាតើមុខវិជ្ជាមួយណាដែលពួកគេពេញចិត្ត។
ការសម្រេចចិត្តដែលត្រឹមត្រូវទាមទារឲ្យសិស្សទទួលបានព័ត៌មានច្រើន
ពីមុខវិជ្ជាដែលខ្លួនបម្រុងនឹងរៀនតាមរយៈសាកលវិទ្យាល័យនីមួយៗដែល
ខ្លួនចង់ទៅរៀន
និងការសាកសួរអ្នកដែលធ្លាប់មានបទពិសោធន៍ពីមុនមក។
ការជ្រើសរើសមុខវិជ្ជាដែលត្រូវនឹងសមត្ថភាព
និងចំណង់ចំណូលចិត្តរបស់ខ្លួនគឺជាការត្រៀមរៀបចំអនាគតរបស់ខ្លួន
សម្រាប់ទីផ្សារការងារនាពេលខាងមុខ។
នេះជាដំបូន្មានរបស់ក្រុមអ្នកជំនាញ៕
វប្បធម៌គាំទ្រសម្ដីអ្នកធំឬមេដឹកនាំប្រទេសចាក់ឫសក្នុងសង្គមខ្មែរ
ដោយ សេក បណ្ឌិត
2012-09-02
វប្បធម៌គាំទ្រសម្ដីរបស់អ្នកធំ ឬមេដឹកនាំប្រទេស ទោះចេញពីដួងចិត្តពិត ឬគ្រាន់តែបំពងសំឡេងហៃអើៗតាមក្រោយ ដើម្បីលាភសក្ការៈក្តី កំពុងចាក់ឫសយ៉ាងជ្រៅក្នុងសង្គមខ្មែរ។អ្នកតាមដានការវិវឌ្ឍន៍នៃស្ថានការណ៍សង្គម មើលឃើញថា វប្បធម៌នេះកើតឡើងដោយឥទ្ធិពលអំណាចខ្លាំងក្លាពេក ហើយវាបានឆ្លុះបញ្ចាំងឲ្យឃើញថា ប្រទេសមួយនេះមិនទាន់ជឿនលឿនខាងការគោរពសិទ្ធិមនុស្ស និងលទ្ធិប្រជាប្រជាធិបតេយ្យនោះទេ។
អ្នកជំនាញវិទ្យាសាស្ត្រសង្គមបានបង្ហាញថា វប្បធម៌ហៃអើដែលមនុស្សមួយក្រុមគេតែងតែកៀរគរគ្នាគាំទ្រលើសម្ដី មេដឹកនាំប្រទេស ឬតំបន់ណាមួយនោះ បានបង្ហាញថា មេដឹកនាំនោះបានប្រើប្រាស់អំណាចរបស់ខ្លួនដល់កំពូលហើយ។
ការប្រើប្រាស់អំណាច ឬសមត្ថកិច្ចគ្រប់យ៉ាងបែបនេះ បានធ្វើឲ្យក្រុមមនុស្សនៅជុំវិញខ្លួនមិនហ៊ានពិភាក្សាផ្លាស់ប្ដូរ យោបល់ ឬជំទាស់នោះទេ ផ្ទុយទៅវិញមានតែការភ័យខ្លាច ហើយមានតែវិធីម្យ៉ាងគត់ គឺគាំទ្រគំនិតរបស់មេធំ បើទោះបីជាការគាំទ្រនោះខុសក៏ដោយត្រូវក៏ដោយ។
អ្នកវិភាគ និងស្រាវជ្រាវលើការអភិវឌ្ឍន៍សង្គម លោកបណ្ឌិត កែម ឡី បានបង្ហាញជុំវិញបរិបទដែលកំពុងតែកើតមានក្នុងសង្គមសព្វថ្ងៃថា ទម្លាប់បែបនេះវាស្ទើរតែជាប្រពៃណីមួយទៅហើយ អោយតែអ្នកដឹកនាំជាន់ខ្ពស់សម្រេចលើរឿងអ្វីមួយ គឺអ្នកនៅខាងក្រោមឱវាទចាំបាច់ត្រូវតែនាំគ្នាគាំទ្រ ដោយមិនបានគិតពីចំណុចអវិជ្ជមាន ឬគុណវិបត្តិទៅថ្ងៃអនាគតយ៉ាងណានោះឡើយ។
លោក កែម ឡី៖ «ជាវប្បធម៌ ឥឡូវនេះទោះបីជាអង្គការក្រៅរដ្ឋាភិបាលក៏ដោយ ស្ថាប័នក្នុងរដ្ឋាភិបាលក៏ដោយ ច្រើនតែចុះហត្ថលេខានឹងគេដែរ ព្រមនឹងគេដែរ ទោះបីក្នុងចិត្ត ក្នុងបេះដូងមិនពេញចិត្តក៏ដោយ។ ចំណុចនេះឆ្លុះបញ្ចាំងនូវបរិយាកាសនយោបាយ ដែលពុំទាន់មានលទ្ធិប្រជាធិបតេយ្យ សេរីភាពពេញលេញក្នុងការបញ្ចេញមតិ ជាពិសេសមតិផ្ទុយនេះឯង»។
កន្លងមកថ្មីនេះៗ ក្រោយពីលោកនាយករដ្ឋមន្រ្តី ហ៊ុន សែន បានទៅធ្វើបទបង្ហាញមួយនៅរដ្ឋសភាពីបញ្ហាបោះបង្គោលព្រំដែន កម្ពុជា-វៀតណាម ដោយមិនឲ្យបក្សប្រឆាំងដែលជាម្ចាស់សំណួរតមាត់កាលពីថ្ងៃទី១៣ សីហា នោះ គេឃើញមានស្ថាប័នរដ្ឋ និងឯកជនមួយចំនួនបានសរសេរលិខិត ឬញត្តិគាំទ្រជាហូរហែ ក្នុងនោះក៏មានបទអត្ថធិប្បាយគាំទ្រផងដែរ។
បទអត្ថាធិប្បាយមួយដែលវិទ្យុអាស៊ីសេរី ទទួលបានកាលពីថ្ងៃ ២២ ខែសីហា របស់លោក អេង យេង ទីប្រឹក្សាអមទីស្តីការគណៈរដ្ឋមន្រ្តីបានសសេរលើកតម្កើងថា "កម្លាំងចលករដ៏ខ្លាំងក្លានៃសម័យសម្ដេចតេជោ សែន"។
អ្នកសរសេរបទអត្ថាធិប្បាយនេះបានសម្ដែងនូវក្តីរំភើបចំពោះការ បកស្រាយបំភ្លឺរបស់លោក ហ៊ុន សែន អំពីការបោះបង្គោលខណ្ឌសីមាកម្ពុជា-វៀតណាម កាលពីថ្ងៃទី០៩ សីហា ឆ្នាំ២០១២ នៅរដ្ឋសភាជាតិ។ បទអត្ថាធិប្បាយបានបង្ហាញថា សំនួនវោហារស្ដីពីបញ្ហាព្រំដែនក្នុងរយៈពេលជាង ៥ម៉ោងដោយគ្មានការឈប់សម្រាកនោះ គឺល្អឥតខ្ចោះ និងបានចូលទៅអង្រួនដល់ក្រអៅដូងចិត្តប្រជាជាតិទាំងមូល ដែលមិនធ្លាប់មានពីសម័យមុនៗមក។
គេចាត់ទុកព្រឹត្តិការណ៍ជាប្រវត្តិសាស្ត្រខាងលើនេះបានបញ្ជាក់ យ៉ាងច្បាស់ថា គ្មានអនុភាពណាខ្លាំងជាងការដឹកនាំប្រកបដោយវីរភាពស្នេហាជាតិដ៏ ឧត្ដុង្គឧត្ដមរបស់សម្ដេចតេជោ ហ៊ុន សែន បានឡើយ។
អត្ថបទអត្ថាធិប្បាយមួយទៀតបានសរសេរដោយឈ្មោះឧត្តម សក្តិ ដែលវិទ្យុអាស៊ីសេរី ទទួលបាននៅក្នុងខែសីហា នេះដែរ បានសរសេរបន្ទរបែបចំអកឲ្យបក្សប្រឆាំងផង និងលើកសរសើរលោក ហ៊ុន សែន ផងថា "បក្សប្រឆាំងអស់លេសសម្រាប់បោករាស្ត្រក្នុងរឿងព្រំដែន"។
បទអត្ថាធិប្បាយដដែលនេះបានសរសេរទៀតថា បទបង្ហាញស្តីពីបញ្ហាព្រំដែនកម្ពុជា-វៀតណាម ដោយសម្ដេចតេជោ ហ៊ុន សែន ប្រៀបបានទៅនឹងបំណាក់ផ្ទាំងថ្មភ្នំដ៏ធំសង្កត់លើក្រុមប្រឆាំង ឱ្យដួលផ្ងាកងើបខ្លួនលែងរួច ហើយអំនួតរបស់ពួកគេនៅពេលកន្លងមកដែលយកបញ្ហាព្រំដែនក្នុងការកេង ចំណេញនយោបាយក៏ត្រូវបានបញ្ចប់។
នេះជាការឆ្លើយតបទៅគណបក្សប្រឆាំង និងអង្គការសង្គមស៊ីវិលមួយចំនួនក្នុង និងក្រៅប្រទេស ដែលតែងតែរិះគន់ថា រាជរដ្ឋាភិបាលកម្ពុជា បានកាត់ទឹកដីឲ្យទៅប្រទេសជិតខាង ហើយបានបណ្ដែតបណ្ដោយឲ្យវៀតណាម រំកិលបង្គោលទ្បាក់ចូលក្នុងដីកម្ពុជា ជាច្រើនរយគីឡូម៉ែត្រក្រឡាទៀតផង។
ស្របពេលគ្នានេះដែរ ប្រធានអង្គការសហព័ន្ធសិទ្ធិមនុស្ស និងអភិវឌ្ឍន៍នៅកម្ពុជា លោក ថៅ វាសនា។ លោកមានប្រសាសន៍គាំទ្រចំពោះការអត្ថាធិប្បាយបែបនេះ ហើយអង្គការលោកក៏បានចេញសេចក្ដីថ្លែងការណ៍គាំទ្រនយោបាយឈ្នះៗរបស់ លោកនាយករដ្ឋមន្ត្រី ហ៊ុន សែន ដែរ ដូចជាបញ្ហាព្រំដែន ការកែទម្រង់លើបញ្ហាដីធ្លី និងបញ្ហាផ្សេងៗទៀត។
លោក ថៅ វាសនា៖ «សម្ដេចតេជោដែលយើងគាំទ្រនោះ គឺគាំទ្រនយោបាយដែលមិនស៊ីសាច់គ្នានោះ គឺនយោបាយឈ្នះៗ ហេតុនេះបានជានាយករដ្ឋមន្ត្រីជាវីរជនមួយដែលមានតម្លៃលេចធ្លោជាសកល ដែលយើងមិនអាចនឹងមិនសរសើរមិនបាន»។
លោកបន្តថា កន្លងមកលោកសង្កេតឃើញថា បក្សប្រឆាំងក្ដី ឬសង្គមស៊ីវិលមួយចំនួនក្ដីហាក់ខ្វះសេចក្ដីក្លាហានក្នុងការលើក សរសើរដល់ប្រមុខរដ្ឋាភិបាលដែលបានខិតខំបំពេញកិច្ចការជូនជាតិ ត្រឹមត្រូវ និងទទួលបានជោគជ័យ។
ចំពោះលោកបណ្ឌិត កែម ឡី វិញ លោកមើលឃើញថា ការគាំទ្រទាំងឡាយហាក់មើលឃើញតែមួយជ្រុង ចំណែកមួយជ្រុងទៀត គឺប្រជាពលរដ្ឋរស់នៅតាមព្រំដែនដែលជាអ្នកជួបបញ្ហាបាត់បង់ដីធ្លី ជាកេរដំណែលពីដូនតាននោះ គឺពុំទាន់មានការសិក្សាស្រាវជ្រាវឲ្យដឹងច្បាស់ថា ខាតបង់ប៉ុន្មាន ចំណេញប៉ុន្មាននោះទេ គឺបានត្រឹមតែបង្ហាញឲ្យឃើញតែនៅលើផែនទីលើក្រដាសប៉ុណ្ណោះ៖ «ពុំមានអ្នកជំនាញព្រំដែនណា ស៊ាន ប៉េងសែ ឬក៏ វ៉ា គឹមហុង ឬក៏គណៈកម្មការទាំងអស់នឹងមិនដឹងថា បាត់នៅត្រង់ណាទេ អ្នកដែលដឹងបាត់ពិត គឺប្រជាពលរដ្ឋនៅតាមព្រំដែន»។
លោកបារម្ភខ្លាចសកម្មភាពលើកសរសើរថ្នាក់ដឹកនាំបែបនេះក្លាយទៅជា ទម្លាប់ថ្មីមួយទៀត ដែលមនុស្សបង្រៀនគ្នាឲ្យចេះនិយាយកុហក មិនហ៊ាននិយាយត្រង់ និយាយអ្វីដែលចេញពីបេះដូងដែលខ្លួនមើលឃើញពិតប្រាកដនោះទេ។ បញ្ហានេះអាចបណ្ដាលមកពីពួកគេចង់សន្សំសុខ ឬមិនចង់នាំទុក្ខដល់ខ្លួន អ្នកខ្លះទៀតចង់បានមុខមាត់ បុណ្យសក្ដិ និងលាភសការៈផ្សេងៗជាដើម៖ «បើយើងនៅតែអ៊ីចឹងបានន័យថា អាជ័យធ្លាក់ទឹកហៃអើៗ ដោយអត់នាំគ្នាជួយកែលំអនោះទេ ខុសក៏គាំទ្រត្រូវក៏គាំទ្រ»។
ទន្ទឹមគ្នានេះចំពោះអ្នកណាដែលហ៊ានរិះគន់ ឬជំទាស់នឹងគំនិតរបស់អ្នកធំនោះ គេតែងតែចោទប្រកាន់ថា ជាក្រុមប្រឆាំងនឹងរដ្ឋាភិបាល ធ្វើឲ្យខូចសណ្ដាប់ធ្នាប់សាធារណៈ បង្កអសន្តិសុខសង្គមជាដើម។ ជាក់ស្ដែងដូចជាសកម្មជនព្រំដែន លោក រ៉ុង ឈុន លោក ម៉ម សូណង់ដូ ជាដើម សុទ្ធតែធ្លាប់បញ្ចេញមតិពីបញ្ហាព្រំដែន ហើយអ្នកទាំងនោះត្រូវរដ្ឋាភិបាលចោទប្រកាន់ និងបានចាប់ដាក់គុក ហើយមានខ្លះទៀតត្រូវរត់ចោលស្រុករហូតមកដល់សព្វថ្ងៃនេះ។
អ្នកវិភាគបញ្ហាសង្គមនិយាយថា បញ្ហានេះជាការឆ្លុះបញ្ចាំងឲ្យឃើញពីការដឹកនាំសង្គមមួយជាលក្ខណៈ បុគ្គលនិយម និងបក្សពួកនិយម ហើយការដឹកនាំរបៀបនេះគេតែងតែរកលេសដើម្បីបំបិទសំឡេងអ្នកដែល មានទស្សនៈផ្ទុយពីបក្ស ឬក្រុមរបស់គេនោះ។
អ្នកវិភាគយល់ឃើញទៀតថា បើសិនជាបញ្ហានេះកាន់តែរីកធំធាត់ទៅនោះ វាជាគ្រោះថ្នាក់មួយដល់ការអភិវឌ្ឍន៍ និងការកសាងប្រទេសមួយប្រកបដោយនីតិរដ្ឋ និងមានលទ្ធិប្រជាធិបតេយ្យពិតប្រាកដ និងមិនមានតុល្យភាពនៃអំណាច និងការរកទទួលទាននៅក្នុងសង្គមនោះឡើយ៕
Saturday, 1 September 2012
សិស្សប្រឡងជាប់បាក់ឌុបឆ្នាំនេះមានចំនួនច្រើនជាងឆ្នាំមុន ប៉ុន្តែលោក រ៉ុង ឈុន មិនសាទរ
នៅឆ្នាំសិក្សា២០១២នេះ
សិស្សប្រឡងជាប់បាក់ឌុបមានចំនួនជាង៨៦%
ពោលគឺកើនជាងឆ្នាំមុនចំនួន៤%។ ប៉ុន្តែ លោក រ៉ុង ឈុន
ប្រធានសមាគមគ្រូបង្រៀនកម្ពុជាឯករាជ្យមិនសាទរចំពោះលទ្ធផលប្រឡងនេះ
ទេ ពីព្រោះការប្រឡងនាពេលកន្លងមកមានភាពមិនប្រក្រតីច្រើន។
លោក សម មុនីរ័ត្ន អគ្គនាយកដ្ឋានអប់រំនៃក្រសួងអប់រំ
យុវជននិងកីឡា បានបញ្ជាក់ប្រាប់នៅថ្ងៃសៅរ៍នេះថា នៅឆ្នាំ២០១២នេះ
សិស្សដែលប្រឡងជាប់បាក់ឌុបមានចំនួនជាង៨៦%ពោលគឺកើនជាងឆ្នាំមុន
ចំនួន៤%។ មន្ត្រីជាន់ខ្ពស់ក្រសួងអប់រំរូបនេះបានពន្យល់ថា
នៅឆ្នាំនេះសិស្សធ្វើត្រូវច្រើន
អ៊ីចឹងហើយទើបពួកគេប្រឡងជាប់ច្រើនជាងឆ្នាំមុន។
មិនត្រឹមតែប៉ុណ្ណោះ
លោកអគ្គនាយកដ្ឋានអប់រំនៃក្រសួងអប់រំបានបន្ថែមទៀតថា
សិស្សដែលទទួលបាននិទេ្ទស A នៅឆ្នាំនេះមានចំនួន១០៥នាក់
រីឯកាលពីឆ្នាំមុនមានចំនួនតែ៥០នាក់ប៉ុណ្ណោះ។
ទាក់ទងទៅនឹងលទ្ធផលប្រឡងបាក់ឌុបនៅឆ្នាំនេះ លោក រ៉ុង ឈុន បានអត្ថាធិប្បាយនៅថ្ងៃនេះថា លោកមិនសាទរទេពីព្រោះការប្រឡងនាពេលកន្លងមកពោពេញទៅដោយភាពមិន ប្រក្រតី។ ភាពមិនប្រក្រតីទាំងនោះជារួមមាន៖ អំពើសូកប៉ាន់និងការបើកមើលវិញ្ញាសារព្រាងជាដើម។ លោក កែម ឡី អ្នកស្រាវជ្រាវឯករាជ្យនៅក្នុងប្រទេសកម្ពុជាដែលបានធ្វើការ ស្រាវជ្រាវលើការប្រឡងបាក់ឌុបនាពេលកន្លងមកបានទទួលស្គាល់ថា ការប្រឡងនាពេលកន្លងមកមានភាពមិនប្រក្រតីមែនប៉ុន្តែលោកបានបញ្ជាក់ តាមរយៈការអង្កេតរបស់លោកថា ការប្រឡងឆ្នាំនេះមានភាពតឹងរឹងជាងឆ្នាំមុន។
លោក រ៉ុង ឈុន បានបន្តបញ្ជាក់ទៀតថា លទ្ធផលនៃការប្រឡងនេះមិនឆ្លើយតបទៅនឹងសមត្ថភាពជាក់ស្តែងរបស់សិស្ស ទេ មានន័យថា ប្រសិនបើការប្រឡងប្រព្រឹត្តិទៅប្រកបដោយយុត្តិធម៌និងត្រឹមត្រូវនោះ ចំនួនអ្នកប្រឡងជាប់ត្រូវទាបជាងនេះ។ លោក ឈុន បានបន្តទៀតថា លោកមានការព្រួយបារម្ភពីគុណភាពមនុស្សនាពេលអនាគត។ គុណភាពធនធានមនុស្សខ្មែរមិនឆ្លើយតបទៅនឹងតម្រូវការទីផ្សារឡើយ។ លោក រ៉ុង ឈុន ចោទប្រកាន់វិស័យអប់រំខ្មែរថា បណ្តុះបណ្តាលធនធានមនុស្សយកតែបរិមាណប៉ុន្តែមិនគិតពីគុណភាព។
ក្រៅពីបញ្ហាគុណភាព លោក កែម ឡី អ្នកស្រាវជ្រាវឯករាជ្យបានលើកឡើងថា នៅក្នុងប្រទេសសិង្ហបុរី យុវជន២នាក់ក្នុងចំណោមយុវជន៣នាក់បានចូលរៀននៅមហាវិទ្យាល័យ រីឯនៅកម្ពុជាវិញ យុវជនម្នាក់ក្នុងចំណោម២០នាក់បានចូលរៀននៅមហាវិទ្យាល័យ៕
ទាក់ទងទៅនឹងលទ្ធផលប្រឡងបាក់ឌុបនៅឆ្នាំនេះ លោក រ៉ុង ឈុន បានអត្ថាធិប្បាយនៅថ្ងៃនេះថា លោកមិនសាទរទេពីព្រោះការប្រឡងនាពេលកន្លងមកពោពេញទៅដោយភាពមិន ប្រក្រតី។ ភាពមិនប្រក្រតីទាំងនោះជារួមមាន៖ អំពើសូកប៉ាន់និងការបើកមើលវិញ្ញាសារព្រាងជាដើម។ លោក កែម ឡី អ្នកស្រាវជ្រាវឯករាជ្យនៅក្នុងប្រទេសកម្ពុជាដែលបានធ្វើការ ស្រាវជ្រាវលើការប្រឡងបាក់ឌុបនាពេលកន្លងមកបានទទួលស្គាល់ថា ការប្រឡងនាពេលកន្លងមកមានភាពមិនប្រក្រតីមែនប៉ុន្តែលោកបានបញ្ជាក់ តាមរយៈការអង្កេតរបស់លោកថា ការប្រឡងឆ្នាំនេះមានភាពតឹងរឹងជាងឆ្នាំមុន។
លោក រ៉ុង ឈុន បានបន្តបញ្ជាក់ទៀតថា លទ្ធផលនៃការប្រឡងនេះមិនឆ្លើយតបទៅនឹងសមត្ថភាពជាក់ស្តែងរបស់សិស្ស ទេ មានន័យថា ប្រសិនបើការប្រឡងប្រព្រឹត្តិទៅប្រកបដោយយុត្តិធម៌និងត្រឹមត្រូវនោះ ចំនួនអ្នកប្រឡងជាប់ត្រូវទាបជាងនេះ។ លោក ឈុន បានបន្តទៀតថា លោកមានការព្រួយបារម្ភពីគុណភាពមនុស្សនាពេលអនាគត។ គុណភាពធនធានមនុស្សខ្មែរមិនឆ្លើយតបទៅនឹងតម្រូវការទីផ្សារឡើយ។ លោក រ៉ុង ឈុន ចោទប្រកាន់វិស័យអប់រំខ្មែរថា បណ្តុះបណ្តាលធនធានមនុស្សយកតែបរិមាណប៉ុន្តែមិនគិតពីគុណភាព។
ក្រៅពីបញ្ហាគុណភាព លោក កែម ឡី អ្នកស្រាវជ្រាវឯករាជ្យបានលើកឡើងថា នៅក្នុងប្រទេសសិង្ហបុរី យុវជន២នាក់ក្នុងចំណោមយុវជន៣នាក់បានចូលរៀននៅមហាវិទ្យាល័យ រីឯនៅកម្ពុជាវិញ យុវជនម្នាក់ក្នុងចំណោម២០នាក់បានចូលរៀននៅមហាវិទ្យាល័យ៕
ក្រសួងអប់រំ៖ លទ្ធផលប្រឡងបាក់ឌុបបង្ហាញពីការរីកចម្រើននៃវិស័យអប់រំ
ដោយ វិជ័យ អានន្ទ
2012-09-01
ប្រធានអគ្គនាយកដ្ឋាននៃក្រសួងអប់រំ លោក សម សេរីរដ្ឋ ឲ្យដឹងនៅថ្ងៃទី១ ខែកញ្ញា ឆ្នាំ២០១២ ថា លទ្ធផលនៃការប្រឡងជាប់បាក់ឌុបនេះ បង្ហាញពីការខិតខំប្រឹងប្រែងសិក្សារបស់សិស្ស និងការយកចិត្តទុកដាក់របស់មាតាបិតាសិស្ស ក្នុងការជំរុញកូនឲ្យព្យាយាមរៀនសូត្រ។លោក សម សេរីរដ្ឋ៖ «ឥឡូវនេះ ក្មួយៗគេខំរៀន និងម៉ែឳគេជំរុញទៅ គេខំរៀន គេធ្វើតាមទៅ គេក៏ទទួលបានគុណភាពតាមក្រោយ»។
លោក សម សេរីរដ្ឋ មានប្រសាសន៍បន្តថា សិស្សប្រឡងជាប់បាក់ឌុបទាំងអស់ជាង៨៦% ក្នុងនោះនិទ្ទេសល្អប្រសើរ (និទ្ទេសA) មានចំនួន១០៥នាក់ និងនិទ្ទេសល្អណាស់ (និទ្ទេសB) មានចំនួន៣.៥០៥នាក់។
ទោះយ៉ាងណា ទាក់ទងនឹងលទ្ធផលនៃការប្រឡងបាក់ឌុប ប្រធានសមាគមគ្រូបង្រៀនឯករាជ្យ លោក រ៉ុង ឈុន បដិសេធថា វាមិនមែនជាលទ្ធផលឆ្លុះបញ្ចាំងពីគុណភាពនៃការអប់រំនោះឡើយ វាជាការបង្ហាញបរិមាណ ព្រោះលទ្ធផលនៃការប្រឡងនេះ កើតចេញពីការចម្លងគ្នារបស់សិស្សនៅពេលប្រឡង៖ «ថ្នាក់ដឹកនាំ ក្រសួងអប់រំ តែងតែប្រកាសថា ល្អៗ ហើយលទ្ធផលយើងទទួលស្គាល់ថា សិស្សមួយចំនួនតូច មានសមត្ថភាពពិតប្រាកដ។ ប៉ុន្តែ មួយចំនួនធំអត់មានសមត្ថភាព ហើយមិនឆ្លើយតបទៅនឹងបរិយាកាសនៃការប្រឡង ពីព្រោះការប្រព្រឹត្តនៃការប្រឡងមានបរិយាកាសអាក្រក់ មានភាពមិនប្រក្រតីកើតឡើង ដូចជាការប្រមូលលុយ ការបើកចម្លង ការផ្ដល់ចម្លើយតាមរយៈតេឡេហ្វូន (ទូរស័ព្ទ) សព្វបែបយ៉ាង»។
ប្រតិកម្មទៅនឹងការលើកឡើងរបស់ប្រធានសមាគមគ្រូបង្រៀនឯករាជ្យ នេះ លោក សម សេរីរដ្ឋ អះអាងថា ការអភិវឌ្ឍលើវិស័យអប់រំ អាចធ្វើទៅបាន គេត្រូវធ្វើកំណែទម្រង់បន្តិចៗម្ដង៖ «យើងចង់បានគុណភាពដូចតែគ្នាហ្នឹង ប៉ុន្តែយើងធ្វើម៉េចឲ្យបានភ្លាម ត្រូវការចំណាយពេលវេលាណា»។
ភ្ជាប់នឹងលទ្ធផលនៃការប្រឡងនេះដែរ អ្នកស្រាវជ្រាវអភិវឌ្ឍសង្គម លោក កែម ឡី ថ្លែងថា បើសិនលទ្ធផលនៃការប្រឡងនេះ មិនមែនកើតចេញពីការចម្លងគ្នា វាជាការឆ្លុះបញ្ចាំងថា វាជារឿងល្អ ព្រោះវាបង្ហាញពីសមត្ថភាពពិតរបស់សិស្ស ហើយយើងក៏ទទួលយកលទ្ធផលនេះប្រកបដោយមោទនភាពខ្លាំង។ ផ្ទុយទៅវិញ លោកអះអាងថា លទ្ធផលនៃការប្រឡងនេះ កើតចេញពីការចម្លងគ្នាទៅវិញទៅមករបស់បេក្ខជនដែលចូលប្រឡង៖ «លទ្ធផល នៃការប្រឡង គឺបើយើងប្រឡងត្រឹមត្រូវ អត់ចម្លងគ្នា មានភាពយុត្តិធម៌ លទ្ធផលប្រឡងហ្នឹងគឺអាចបញ្ជាក់អំពីគុណភាពនៃវិស័យអប់រំមួយដែរ ក្នុងចំណុចជាច្រើនដែលឆ្លុះបញ្ចាំងអំពីគុណភាពនៃការអប់រំ បានន័យថា ក្មេងរៀនចេះ អាចធ្វើលំហាត់ដោយខ្លួនឯងបាន ប្រឡងជាប់ ប៉ុន្តែដោយសារតែយើងធ្វើការសិក្សាទៅឃើញថា ក្មេងៗភាគច្រើនចម្លងគ្នាដោយសេរី»។
លោក កែម ឡី បញ្ជាក់ថា អង្គការរបស់លោកបានសិក្សាស្រាវជ្រាវមណ្ឌលប្រឡងនាទីក្រុងភ្នំពេញ ឃើញថា មានសិស្ស៦០ទៅ៧០% ដែលចម្លងគ្នា និងមើលកំណែចម្លើយ។ លោកថ្លែងបន្តថា តាមការសិក្សាស្រាវជ្រាវឃើញថា បេក្ខជនប្រឡងមានមធ្យោបាយជាច្រើនក្នុងការចម្លងគ្នា និងការទទួលបានកំណែចម្លើយ ដូចជាការប្រើទូរស័ព្ទដើម្បីបញ្ជូនកំណែ ការប្រើលុយដើម្បីទិញទឹកចិត្តអនុរក្សនាពេលប្រឡង កុំឲ្យចាប់ព្រុយយ៉ុង ការរៃលុយឲ្យគ្រូ ដើម្បីធ្វើកំណែឲ្យជាដើម៕
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)
-
លោកនិពន្ធនាយកជាទីគោរពរាប់អាន! តាម ការពិនិត្យសង្កេតរបស់ខ្ញុំ មានប្រព័ន្ធផ្សព្វផ្សាយជាតិ និងអន្តរជាតិជាច្រើន បានច... -
Wachira Kigotho 09 May 2014 Issue No:319 Unequal access to university education is likely to persist in most countries globally ...
-
ការពិនិត្យមើលផលអាក្រក់កើតចេញពីវប្បធម៌ប៉ែងជើង ឬក្ដិចត្រួយគ្នា ដោយ កែវពេជ្រ មេត្តា 2011-11-03 ទម្លាប់នៃការប...
-
Chambers and Partners - Home 1 Bun & Associates THE FIRM Sources single out this firm as a market leader, highlighting its inc...
-
Combat Journalism: CQR Is reporting on global conflict worth the risk? By Frank Greve Introduction Chr...
-
ព្រះករុណាព្រះបាទសម្តេចព្រះនរោត្តម សីហនុ « ព្រះបរមរតនកោដ្ឋ » បានស្ថាបនាសាកលវិទ្យាល័យភូមិន្ទបាត់ដំបងតាមរយៈ ព្រះរាជក្រឹត្យលេខ ៣៤/៦៨.ប.រ ចុះថ្... -
By Sam Rany 1. There is a jump in higher education in Cambodia, what do you see from this development? Actually, I o...
-
https://www.box.com/files/0/f/0/1/f_2876428255#/files/0/f/0/1/f_2876428255 International Journal of Higher Education ISSN 1927-... -
Academic Adjustment Issues in a Malaysian Research University: The Case of Cambodian, Laotian, Burmese, and Vietnamese Postgraduat...
-
https://www.box.com/profile#/profile/183918435/page/1/1/2876421805 International Journal of Learning & Development ISSN 216...
